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| {{nihongo|'''Masaki Kobayashi'''|小林 正樹|''Kobayashi Masaki''|February 14, 1916 – October 4, 1996}} was a Japanese film director, best known for the ] trilogy '']'' (1959–1961), the samurai films '']'' (1962) and '']'' (1967), and '']'' (1964).<ref name=I1996>{{cite |
{{nihongo|'''Masaki Kobayashi'''|小林 正樹|''Kobayashi Masaki''|February 14, 1916 – October 4, 1996}} was a Japanese film director, best known for the ] trilogy '']'' (1959–1961), the samurai films '']'' (1962) and '']'' (1967), and '']'' (1964).<ref name=I1996>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-masaki-kobayashi-1358495.html |title=Masaki Kobayashi: Obituary|first=James |last=Kirkup|newspaper=The Independent|location=London|date=October 15, 1996}}</ref> | ||
| ==Biography== | ==Biography== | ||
Revision as of 12:10, 27 June 2019
| Masaki Kobayashi | |
|---|---|
| File:Masaki-kobayashi.jpg | |
| Born | (1916-02-14)February 14, 1916 Otaru, Japan |
| Died | October 4, 1996(1996-10-04) (aged 80) Tokyo, Japan |
| Occupation(s) | Film director, producer, writer |
Masaki Kobayashi (小林 正樹, Kobayashi Masaki, February 14, 1916 – October 4, 1996) was a Japanese film director, best known for the epic trilogy The Human Condition (1959–1961), the samurai films Harakiri (1962) and Samurai Rebellion (1967), and Kwaidan (1964).
Biography
Kobayashi was a second cousin of the actress and director Kinuyo Tanaka.
Early life
Kobayashi studied East Asian art and philosophy. He embarked on a career in film in 1941 when he entered Shochiku Studios as an apprentice director, but was immediately drafted into the Imperial Japanese Army and sent to Manchuria.
Kobayashi regarded himself as a pacifist, and resisted by refusing promotion to a rank higher than private. He spent time as a prisoner of war in an Okinawa camp. After his release, in 1946, he returned to Shochiku as assistant to the director Keisuke Kinoshita.
Films
Kobayashi's directorial debut was in 1952 with Musuko no Seishun (My Son's Youth).
From 1959 to 1961, Kobayashi directed The Human Condition (1959–1961), a trilogy on the effects of World War II on a Japanese pacifist and socialist. The total length of the films is almost ten hours, and one of the longest fiction films ever made for theatrical release.
In 1962 he directed Harakiri, which won the Jury Prize at the 1963 Cannes Film Festival.
In 1964, Kobayashi made Kwaidan (1964), his first color film, a collection of four ghost stories drawn from books by Lafcadio Hearn. Kwaidan won the Special Jury Prize at the 1965 Cannes Film Festival, and received an Academy Award nomination for Best Foreign Language Film.
In 1968, Akira Kurosawa, Keisuke Kinoshita, Kon Ichikawa and Kobayashi founded the directors group, Shiki no kai-The Four Horsemen Club, in an attempt to create movies for younger generations.
In 1969, he was a member of the jury at the 19th Berlin International Film Festival.
He was also a candidate for directing the Japanese sequences for Tora! Tora! Tora! after Akira Kurosawa left the film. But instead Kinji Fukasaku and Toshio Masuda were chosen.
One of his grand projects was a film on Yasushi Inoue's novel about Buddhist China, Tun Huang, which never came to fruition.
Filmography
- 1952: Youth of the Son (Musuko no seishun)
- 1953: Sincere Heart (Magokoro)
- 1953: The Thick-Walled Room (Kabe atsuki heya) (completed in 1953, but not released until 1956)
- 1954: Three Loves (Mittsu no ai)
- 1954: Somewhere Beneath the Broad Sky (Kono hiroi sora no dokoka ni)
- 1955: Beautiful Days (Uruwashiki saigetsu)
- 1956: Fountainhead aka The Spring (Izumi)
- 1956 I Will Buy You (Anata kaimasu)
- 1957: Black River (Kuroi kawa)
- 1959–1961: The Human Condition trilogy (Ningen no jōken)
- 1959: No Greater Love
- 1959: Road to Eternity
- 1961: A Soldier's Prayer
- 1962: The Inheritance (Karami-ai)
- 1962: Harakiri (Seppuku)
- 1964: Kwaidan
- 1967: Samurai Rebellion (Jōi-uchi: Hairyō-tsuma shimatsu)
- 1968: Hymn to a Tired Man (Nihon no seishun)
- 1971: Inn of Evil (Inochi bō ni furō)
- 1975: The Fossil (Kaseki)
- 1979: Glowing Autumn (Moeru aki)
- 1983: Tokyo Trial (Tōkyō saiban)
- 1985: Family Without a Dinner Table aka The Empty Table (Shokutaku no nai ie)
References
- ^ Kirkup, James (October 15, 1996). "Masaki Kobayashi: Obituary". The Independent. London.
- Sharpe, Jasper (2011). Historical Dictionary of Japanese Cinema. Scarecrow Press. pp. 240–242. ISBN 978-0-8108-7541-8.
- "Harakiri: Kobayashi and History – From the Current – The Criterion Collection". Criterion.com. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
- "Festival de Cannes: Kwaidan". festival-cannes.com. Retrieved March 4, 2009.
- "The 38th Academy Awards (1966) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved November 6, 2011.
- Hashimoto, Shinobu (2015). "Compound Cinematics: Akira Kurosawa and I". Vertical, Inc.
- "Berlinale 1969: Juries". berlinale.de. Retrieved March 6, 2010.
External links
- Masaki Kobayashi at IMDb
- Masaki Kobayashi at the Japanese Movie Database (in Japanese)
- Masaki Kobayashi movies at The Criterion Collection
| Films directed by Masaki Kobayashi | |
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