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Hitogami (人神) is a concept in Shinto that refers to a human who becomes a deity. This concept is distinct from the ujigami (Japanese: "guardian deity") belief system, which focuses on a deity's connection to a specific family or geographic origin. In contrast, the hitogami belief system emphasizes personal faith as the basis for membership in the circle of believers.
Throughout Japanese history, the hitogami and ujigami belief systems have interacted with one another. Examples of the hitogami belief system can be seen in the deification of heroes like Hachiman (god of war) and Tenjin (god of calligraphy), as well as in the ecstatic singing and dancing of Japanese festival processions, and in the charismatic leadership of some of Japan's "new religions."
Japanese scholar Hori Ichiro has made a contrast between hitogami as a religious system and the ujigami type of belief. Ujigami as being a more localized one, and Hitogami as being charismatic
References
- ^ "Hitogami | Japanese religion | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-01-17.