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Oral gospel traditions (German: mündliche Überlieferung) reportedly transmitted the sayings and acts of Jesus before they were written down as logia and as the canonical gospels.

The oral tradition consisted of various types of stories, including parables, miracle stories, historical stories and legends, and a passion narrative. They were passed on as self-contained units without chronological order. Soon they were written down as collections of similar stories.

In the early 20th century, the oral traditions became the subject of study using the methods of form criticism, partly by German scholar Rudolf Bultmann. Though Bultmann considered that there was no real border between oral and textual transmission.

References

1. Burkett, Delbert, ed. (2011). The Blackwell Companion to Jesus. John Wiley & Sons.
2. Burkett, Delbert Royce (2002). An introduction to the New Testament and the origins of Christianity. Cambridge University Press. p. 124.
3. Kelber, Werner H. (1983). The oral and the written Gospel: the hermeneutics of speaking and writing in the synoptic tradition, Mark, Paul, and Q. Indiana University Press. p. 1.
4. Konrad Hammann Rudolf Bultmann - Eine Biographie 2012 - Page 107 ">>Eine prinzipielle Grenze zwischen der mündlichen und der schriftlichen Überlieferung gibt es nicht<< — so hält Bultmann diese Konsequenz seiner traditionsgeschichtlichen Perspektive fest"

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