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- January 12 - Two-month freezing period begins in France - The coast of the Atlantic and Seine River freeze, crops fail and at least 24.000 Parisians die
- February 2 - Alexander Selkirk is rescued from shipwreck on a desert island, inspiring the book Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe
- July 8 - Battle of Poltava - In the Ukraine, Peter I of Russia defeats Charles XII of Sweden at Poltava thus effectively ending Sweden's role as a major power in Europe
- August 8 - Hot air balloon of Bartholome de Gusmao flies in Portugal
- September 11 - Battle of Malplaquet - Great Britain, Netherlands and Austria defeat France
- Emperor Nakamikado ascends to the throne of Japan
- First pianoforte built in Florence by Bartolommeo Cristofori
Ongoing events
Births
- February 24 - Jacques de Vaucanson, inventor (died 1782)
- March 10 - Georg Steller, German naturalist (died 1746)
- August 7 - Jean-Jacques Lefranc, marquis de Pompignan, French poet (died 1784)
- September 18 - Samuel Johnson, writer (died 1784)
- December 18 - Princess Elizabeth of Russia, later reigning Empress of Russia (died 1762)
- Charles Collé, French dramatist (died 1783)
- John Cleland, novelist (died 1789)
Deaths
- September 14 - Luis Manuel Fernández de Portocarrero, cardinal archbishop of Toledo (born 1635)
- December 8 - Thomas Corneille, French dramatist (born 1625)
- Emperor Higashiyama of Japan (born 1675)