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Revision as of 11:28, 12 December 2006 by 141.213.211.84 (talk) (→Business)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)Template:Jew list Template:JewsByCountry There has been a Jewish presence in Hungary since Roman times (bar a brief expulsion during the Black Death). Jews fared particularly well under the Ottoman Empire, and after emancipation in 1867. At its height, the Jewish population of historical Hungary numbered more than 900,000, but the Holocaust and emigration, especially during the 1956 Hungarian Revolution, has reduced that to around 100,000, most of whom live in Budapest and its suburbs.
This is a list of anyone who could be reliably described as "Hungarian" and is of significant Jewish heritage (ethnic or religious). See List of Hungarian Americans for descendents of Hungarian emigres born in America, a significant number of whom are/were of Jewish ancestry.
Historical figures
- Victor Basch, politician
- Johanna Bischitz von Heves, philanthropist
- Pál Hevesy, diplomat
- Sándor Hatvany-Deutsch, merchant
- Ernő Gerő, communist politician
- Theodor Herzl, Zionist leader
- Miklos Kanitz, survivor
- Rudolf Kasztner, controversial Holocaust figure
- Zsigmond Kornfeld, banker
- Béla Kun, communist revolutionary (Jewish father)
- Leó Lánczy, deputy
- Max Nordau, Zionist leader
- Alexander Rado, Soviet military intelligence agent
- Mátyás Rákosi, communist politician
- Tibor Rubin, American militaryman
- Rosika Schwimmer, feminist and diplomat
- Yehoshua Stampfer, Zionist pioneer
- Hannah Szenes, WW2 partisan
- Moritz Wahrmann, politician
- Alexander Wahrmann, politican
- Berthold Weisz, deputy
- Solomon Winter, philanthropist
- Markus Nissa Weiss, advocate of Reform
- Philip Wodianer, communal worker
- Theodore Wolfner, deputy
Religious Figures
Academics
- Dennis Gabor, physicist, holography; Nobel Prize (1971)
- Joseph Goldberger, cure for pellagra
- Peter Carl Goldmark, inventor of the vinyl record
- Avram Hershko, biologist, ubiquitin; Nobel Prize (2004)
- George de Hevesy, chemist, radioactive tracers, Nobel Prize (1943)
- Moritz Kaposi, dermatologist, Kaposi's sarcoma
- Theodore von Kármán, aeronautical engineer
- John Kemeny, computer scientist, BASIC
- Nicholas Kurti, physicist
- John von Neumann, computer scientist, mathematician
- George Olah, chemist; Nobel Prize (1994)
- Egon Orowan, inventor
- Adam Politzer, physician
- Béla Schick, pediatrician, diphtheria test
- Gabor A. Somorjai, chemist
- Leó Szilárd, physicist
- Valentine Telegdi, physicist
- Edward Teller, physicist, hydrogen bomb
- Charles Weissmann, biochemist
- Eugene Wigner, physicist; Nobel Prize (1963)
- Leopold Wittelschöfer, physician
- Franz Wittmann, electrician and physicist
Mathematicians
- Raoul Bott, mathematician (Jewish mother)
- Arthur Erdelyi, mathematician
- Paul Erdős, mathematician
- Lipót Fejér, mathematician
- Peter Frankl, mathematician, street performer
- Alfréd Haar, mathematician
- Paul Halmos, mathematician
- Gyula Farkas, mathematician
- Denes Konig & Gyula Kőnig, mathematicians
- Lőwy Kornél, mathematician
- Peter Lax, mathematician
- George Pólya, mathematician
- Rózsa Péter, mathematician
- Alfréd Rényi, mathematician
- Frigyes Riesz & Marcel Riesz, mathematicians
- Paul Turán, mathematician
- Gábor Szegö, mathematician
- Endres Szekeres, mathematician
- Abraham Wald, statistician
Social scientists
- Ignác Acsády, historian
- Franz Alexander, psychoanalyst
- Michael Balint, psychoanalyst
- Peter Bauer, economist
- Oskar Ewald, philosopher
- Sándor Ferenczi, psyhologist
- Ignaz Goldziher, orientalist
- John Harsanyi, economist, game theory; Nobel Prize (1994)
- Agnes Heller, philosopher
- Richard Honigswald, theorist
- Nicholas Kaldor, economist
- Felix Philipp Kanitz, naturalist
- Wilhelm Klein, archaelologist
- Imre Lakatos, philosopher of science
- Margaret Mahler, psychologist
- Karl Mannheim, sociologist, sociology of knowledge
- Henrik Marczali, Hungarian historian
- Karl Polanyi, economist
- Michael Polanyi, polymath
- Géza Révész, psychologist
- Géza Róheim, psychoanalyst
- Martin Roth, psychiatrist
- René Spitz, psychologist
- Aurel Stein, archeologist
- Thomas Szasz, psychiatrist
- Karl Targownik, psychiatrist, Holocaust survivor
- Eduard Wertheimer, historian
Films and stage
- Mischa Auer, actor
- George Cukor film director
- Michael Curtiz, director
- Paul Czinner, director/screenwriter/producer
- Eva Gabor, actor (Jewish mother; Catholic by religion)
- Magda Gabor, actress and socialite (Jewish mother; Catholic by religion)
- Zsa Zsa Gabor, actor (Jewish mother; Catholic by religion)
- Harry Houdini, magician
- Gustav Kadelburg, actor, dramatist, writer
- Heinrich Kadelburg, actor
- Péter Kassovitz
- Sir Alexander Korda, director & producer
- Vincent Korda, art director and production designer
- Zoltan Korda, director
- Robert Lantos, producer
- Peter Lorre, actor
- Paul Lukas, actor
- Emeric Pressburger, Oscar-winning film director, screenwriter, producer
- István Szabó, Oscar-winning film director and screenwriter
- Alexandre Trauner, set designer
Musicians
- Paul Abraham, composer
- Moshe Atzmon, conductor
- Caroline von Gomperz-Bettelheim, singer
- Leopold Auer, conductor, violinist
- Gábor Darvas, composer
- Antal Dorati, conductor (Jewish mother)
- Adam Fischer, conductor
- Annie Fischer, pianist
- Ivan Fischer, conductor
- Carl Flesch, violinist
- Karl Goldmark, composer
- Stephen Heller, composer
- Joseph Joachim, violinist
- Emmerich Kálmán, composer
- Istvan Kertesz, conductor
- Joseph Kosma, composer
- Lili Kraus, pianist
- György Kurtág, composer
- Yehoshua Lakner, Israeli composer
- György Ligeti, composer
- Eugene Ormandy, conductor, violinist
- Ödön Pártos, violist, composer
- Tommy Ramone, drummer
- Fritz Reiner, conductor
- Eduard Remenyi, violinist
- Sigmund Romberg, composer
- Vera Rozsa, singer, singing educator, vocal consultant
- Márk Rózsavölgyi, composer, originator of csardas
- András Schiff, pianist
- Friedrich Schorr, bass-baritone
- Matyas Seiber, composer
- Sir Georg Solti, conductor
- János Starker, cellist
- George Szell, conductor
- Joseph Szigeti, violinist
Writers
- Béla Balázs, poet & film critic (Jewish father)
- Sándor Bródy, journalist
- Zsigmond Bródy, journalist
- György Faludy, writer
- Miksa Fenyõ, writer, intellectual and politician
- Daniel Ganzfried, Swiss author
- Jenő Heltai, poet
- Theodor Hertzka, journalist
- Arthur Holitscher, essayist, novelist
- Illés Kaczér, satirist, political humorist
- Imre Kertész, author, Nobel Prize (2002)
- György Konrád, writer and former political dissident
- Ephraim Kishon, satirist
- Paul Lendvai, journalist
- Rudolf Lothar, dramatist
- Georg Lukács, philosopher & literary critic
- George Mikes, humorous writer
- Ferenc Molnár, playwright
- Max Simon Nordau, social critic & Zionist leader
- Miklós Radnóti, poet
- Anna Sandor, screenplay writer
- Tivadar Soros, Esperanto writer, father of George Soros
- Antal Szerb, scholar & writer
- George Tabori, writer & theatre director
- Elie Wiesel, writer, Nobel Peace Prize
- Ludwig Wysber, Hungarian journalist and author
- Zvi Yair, Hebrew poet
Artists
- Imre Ámos, painter
- Margit Anna, painter
- Maurice Ascalon, sculptor & industrial designer (immigrated to Israel)
- Lipót Baumhorn, architect
- Gyula Basch, painter
- Árpád Basch, painter
- Andor Basch, painter
- Brassaï, photographer (possible Jewish father)
- Marcel Breuer, artist, architect
- Robert Capa, photojournalist
- István Farkas, painter
- Andre Francois, painter and graphic artist (Jewish father)
- John Hirsch, theatre director
- Isidor Kaufman, painter
- Oskar Kaufmann, architect
- André Kertész, photographer
- Paul Laszlo, architect
- László Moholy-Nagy, painter, photographer
- Martin Munkacsi, photographer
- Sylvia Plachy, photographer (Jewish mother)
- Constantin Daniel Rosenthal, painter
- Hugó Scheiber, painter
- Arpad Szenes, painter
- Lajos Vajda, painter
- Ignaz Wechselmann, architect and philanthropist
Business
- Leo Castelli, Trieste-born US paint merchant
- André Deutsch, publisher
- Móric Farkasházi Fischer
- William Fox, founder of Fox
- Andrew Grove, co-founder and chairman of Intel
- Josef Ganz, automotive engineer
- Joseph Pulitzer, newspaper baron (Jewish father)
- Reichmann family
- George Soros, financial speculator
- Teodoro Schwartz, father of George Soros
- Adolph Zukor, founder of Paramount Pictures
Sports
Chess
- Gyula Breyer
- Rezső Charousek
- Ernst Karl Falkbeer
- István Fazekas
- Ernő Gereben
- Isidor Gunsberg
- Ignác Kolisch
- Gyula Kluger
- Imre König
- Samuel Lipschütz
- János Jakab Löwenthal
- Andor Lilienthal
- Judit Polgár
- Zsófia Polgár
- Zsuzsa Polgár
- Samuel Lipschütz
- Endre Steiner
- Herman Steiner
- Lajos Steiner
- László Szabó
- Miksa Weiss
Other
- Viktor Barna, table tennis World Champion (5 singles, 8 doubles, 2 mixed)
- Ilona Elek, Olympic fencer (2g1s) (Jewish father)
- Béla Guttman, football (soccer) coach (10 championships, 2 European Cups)
- Dezső Gyarmati, Olympic water polo player & captain (3g1s1b)
- Alfréd Hajós, first Olympic swimming champion (2g)
- Jenö Fuchs, Olympic champion fencer
- Attila Petschauer, Olympic champion fencer
- Endre Kabos, Olympic fencer (3g1s)
- György Kárpáti, Béla Komjádi, György Bródy, Olympic water polo players (3g1b & 2g & 2g)
- Ágnes Keleti, Olympic gymnast (5g4s1b)
- Ferenc Kemény, co-founder and first secretary of the IOC
- Lily Kronberger, figure skating World Champion (4g2b)
- Emilie Rotter & Laszlo Szollas, figure skating World Champions (4g1s) & Olympic medalists (2b)
- Gusztáv Sebes, national Hungarian football (soccer) coach (gold medal at the 1952 Olympics, and silver medal at the 1954 FIFA World Cup)
- Anna Sipos, table tennis World Champion (2 singles, 6 doubles, 2 mixed)
- Miklós Szabados, table tennis World Champion (1 singles, 6 doubles, 3 mixed)
- Éva Székely & Andrea Gyarmati, mother and daughter Olympic swimmers (1g1s & 1s1b)
- Eva was married to Dezső Gyarmati (see below), while Andrea married canoeist Mihály Hesz (1g1s)
Pedigrees
- Baron Hatvany-Deutsch family
- Zuckerkandl pedigree
- Bettelheim pedigree
- the House of Bischitz von Heves / Hevesy-Bischitz
- Mendel family
See also
References
Footnotes
- converted to Catholicism
- converted to Catholicism
- Views of a Physicist: selected papers of N.G. van Kampen - Page 233 - Parents were Lutheran by religion
- (Encyclopaedia Judaica, art. Historians)
- (converted to Christianity)
- http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/hum/taite/vk/honti/principl.pdf (p100, footnote 171) "German on his mother's side and Jewish on his father's"
- (converted to Christianity)
- (converted to Christianity)
- Catholic by religion