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On March 27, 2023, a mass school shooting occurred at The Covenant School, a Presbyterian Church in America parochial elementary school in the Green Hills neighborhood of Nashville, Tennessee. Aiden Hale, a transgender man and former student of the school, killed three nine‑year‑old children and three adults before being shot and killed by two Metropolitan Nashville Police Department (MNPD) officers.

Background

The Covenant School is a private Christian school in the Green Hills neighborhood of Nashville. It educates students from pre-kindergarten to the sixth grade. It was founded in 2001 as a ministry of Nashville's Covenant Presbyterian Church, a congregation of the Presbyterian Church in America; its enrollment is about 200 students.

Shooting

External videos
CCTV footage released by Nashville Police showing Hale entering and walking throughout the school armed during the shooting.
[REDACTED]
Tweet by Metro Nashville PD

Hale drove to the school, arriving at 9:54 a.m. CDT and parking it in the lot. At 9:57, Hale sent an Instagram message to an old friend saying an earlier post he made was "basically a suicide note" and that he planned to die that day. His friend called a crisis hotline before contacting the Davidson County Sheriff's Office at 10:13.

At 10:11, Hale shot through a set of glass side doors and entered the building. He was armed with two rifles and a pistol. At 10:13, police received a call about an active shooter. When police arrived at the scene, a teacher told an officer that the students were in lockdown and two were missing.

Officers entered the building at around 10:23. While clearing the first floor of students and staff, they heard gunshots coming from the second floor. Officers stepped over a victim on the second floor as they made their way to Hale. At 10:25, a five-member team approached Hale; two of the officers fired four times each, killing him at 10:27, 14 minutes after the initial 911 call was made.

A reunification center was set up at the Woodmont Baptist Church by the MNPD. Students who had fled the school were taken the center by school bus in the afternoon. Parents identified and retrieved their children who were first counted separately.

Victims

Six people—three students and three staff—were killed at random. Five were pronounced dead at a hospital and one at the scene. The students who died were Evelyn Dieckhaus, William Kinney, and Hallie Scruggs, all aged 9. The staff who died were substitute teacher Cynthia Peak, 61; custodian Mike Hill, 61; and head of school Katherine Koonce, 60. In addition, a police officer cut his hand on shattered glass.

Perpetrator

Aiden Hale was identified as the shooter. Hale, a Nashville resident with no criminal record, was a former student of the school, having attended the pre-kindergarten-to-sixth-grade institution when he was around 10 years of age. MNPD Police Chief John Drake said Hale was under care for an emotional disorder and had legally purchased seven firearms, including three recovered from the shooting scene, between October 2020 and June 2022.

Police referred to the 28-year-old as a woman and used his birth name, Audrey Elizabeth Hale. Later on the day of the shooting, MNPD Chief John Drake said that authorities "feel that identifies as trans, but we're still in the initial investigation into all of that". Media sources subsequently reported Hale was a trans man. His former art teacher and a former classmate recalled him coming out as transgender on Facebook in 2022.

Hale was an illustrator and graphic designer who graduated from the Nossi College of Art & Design in 2022. A neighbor said Hale lived with his parents. An ex-classmate said that Hale had a difficult time dealing with the August 2022 death of a woman who was possibly a romantic partner or close friend.

Investigation

The MNPD is leading the investigation of the shooting; it is being assisted by the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. Two shotguns, one of which was sawed-off, and other evidence were found in a search of the Hales' house. Evidence included a detailed map of the school with potential entry points and a manifesto. He was believed to have undertaken reconnaissance before committing the shooting. Police said he had originally considered targeting another location but had decided not to carry out the attack due to the level of security on the premises. On April 3, police said Hale planned the shooting for months and fired 152 rounds at the school, 126 of them 5.56 rifle rounds and 26 of them 9mm rounds.

As of April 14, the motive for the shooting remains unclear. Hale's surviving writings, including diaries and a planning document initially called a "manifesto," were described by police as "rambling" and did not reference any specific political or social issues.

Reactions

Several vigils were held for the casualties. A memorial at the school gathered items such as flowers, balloons, and stuffed animals. The Covenant School issued a statement asking for privacy during the law-enforcement investigation.

Nashville Mayor John Cooper highlighted the long history of school shootings in the U.S. and offered his condolences to those affected. Several notable Nashville musicians including Mickey Guyton, Margo Price, and Sheryl Crow offered their condolences and anger about continual school shootings. A memorial concert was held at the Fisher Center at Belmont University, with artists such as Carrie Underwood, Tyler Hubbard, Colony House, and Thomas Rhett performing. All proceeds benefitted the schools staff, students and families. The city of Nashville set up a fund to support those who were affected. The Community Foundation of Middle Tennessee also established one for The Covenant School, and GoFundMe created a list with verified similar fundraisers.

Actress Melissa Joan Hart was nearby when the shooting occurred and helped escort some of the fleeing children to safety. She recounted the experience on Instagram a day later.

Representative Andy Ogles, whose district includes Nashville, tweeted, "We are sending our thoughts and prayers to the families of those lost. As a father of three, I am utterly heartbroken by this senseless act of violence." Ogles's response was subsequently criticized on social media after a photo of him and his family posing with heavy firearms in front of a Christmas tree resurfaced.

Arizona gubernatorial press secretary Josselyn Berry tweeted, hours after the shooting, a meme of an actress from Gloria pointing two pistols alongside the text: "Us when we see transphobes." The post was widely condemned, and she resigned two days later. Her former administration said the tweet did not reflect its values.

As a part of a long running Internet meme, posts misidentifying the shooter using an altered photo of comedian Sam Hyde circulated on social media. A fake manifesto posted anonymously on 4chan was reposted on Twitter.

Policy debate and protests

In response to the shooting, U.S. President Joe Biden said, "We have to do more to stop gun violence. It's ripping our communities apart, ripping the soul of this nation, ripping at the very soul of the nation... we have to do more to protect our schools, so they aren't turned into prisons." He ordered flags on all federal buildings to be flown at half-staff. Tennessee state representative Bob Freeman, a Democrat from Nashville, called for gun reforms in the wake of the shooting.

On March 30, thousands of protestors gathered at the Tennessee State Capitol to call for stricter gun control laws. Some children held signs saying "I'm nine" in reference to the age of the children shot. Within the chamber of the capitol, three state representatives, Justin Jones, Justin Pearson, and Gloria Johnson led the public gallery in chants of "no more silence", "we have to do better", and "gun reform now", demanding that lawmakers strengthen gun laws. This protest delayed a hearing on a bill which would expand gun access. The next day the state legislature passed a law allowing private schools to hire school resource officers from police departments to help prevent shootings, effective immediately.

On April 3, Johnson and Jones were stripped of their committee assignments, and alongside Pearson were notified that they could be expelled from the House. House Speaker Cameron Sexton said their actions were unacceptable, breaking rules of decorum and procedure. Jones and Pearson were expelled from the House on April 6, with the vote to expel Johnson failing by a single vote. Within a week, they were reinstated in interim capacities—the Nashville Metropolitan Council unanimously voted to reinstate Jones, and the Shelby County Board of Commissioners unanimously voted to reinstate Pearson. The case garnered national attention.

On April 5, thousands of students across the United States demonstrated in a walkout to call on lawmakers to end gun violence. The student group March for Our Lives organized walkouts across Tennessee as well as a march to the State Capitol.

See also

• Gun violence in the United States
• List of mass shootings in the United States in 2023
• List of school shootings in the United States (2000–present)
• List of school shootings in the United States by death toll

Notes

1. The injured victim was a police officer who cut his hand on shattered glass.
2. Formerly known as Audrey Elizabeth Hale.
3. Police Chief John Drake said in a press briefing on March 27, 2023, that one of the children was aged 8, while Public Affairs Director Don Aaron said that all the children were aged 9 in the same press briefing. Most sources say that all three were 9.

References

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