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Minneapolis, Minnesota
Flag of Minneapolis, MinnesotaFlagOfficial seal of Minneapolis, MinnesotaSeal
Nickname: City of Lakes
Motto: En Avant (French: Forward)
Location in Hennepin County and the state of Minnesota.
Country	United States
State	Minnesota
Counties	Hennepin
Government
• Mayor	R.T. Rybak (DFL)
Population
• City	382,618
• Metro	2,968,805
Time zone	UTC-6 (CST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-5 (CDT)
Website	http://www.ci.minneapolis.mn.us/

Minneapolis (pronounced ) is the largest city in the state of Minnesota, and the county seat of Hennepin County. The city lies on both banks of the Mississippi River just north of the river's confluence with the Minnesota River and adjoins Saint Paul, the state's capital . Together Minneapolis and St. Paul form the core of the Twin Cities, the 16th-largest metropolitan area in the United States, with about three million residents.

Among the country's most populous, the city has a diverse population numbering 350,000 people and is the primary business center between Chicago and Seattle, Washington. In part in its role as county seat, Minneapols has worked toward the health and welfare of all residents including the least fortunate. The many lakes inside the city are part of a renowned public park system used for recreation year around. Residents are committed to the arts and theater and host a vibrant nightlife and one of the music capitals of the U.S.

Name and history

Minneapolis grew up around Saint Anthony Falls, the only waterfall on the Mississippi and the end of the commercially navigable section of the river until locks were installed in the 1960s. Once the global center of the timber milling industry and later the grain milling industry, Minneapolis is known as the City of Lakes and the Mill City. Residents are called Minneapolitans. The traditional postal abbreviation is Mpls. The airport code is MSP. The name Minneapolis is attributed to the city's first schoolmaster who combined Minnehaha and mni, the Dakota word for water, and polis, the Greek word for city.

Dakota Sioux were the region's sole residents until explorers arrived from France about 1680. The city's land was acquired in a series of treaties and purchases negotiated with the Mdewakanton band of the Dakota and separately with European nations. Nearby Fort Snelling spurred growth. Minneapolis was incorporated as a city on the Mississippi's west bank in 1867, the same year rail service began between Minneapolis and Chicago, and joined with the east bank city of St. Anthony in 1872.

Following an initial burst of activity in the lumber industry, companies such as General Mills, Pillsbury and Cargill developed the city's economy around the processing of grain from the Great Plains. In its heyday known as the "milling capital of the world," Minneapolis was the leading producer of grain in the world until 1931.

In the 1950s and 1960s, downtown went through urban renewal during which the city razed about 200 buildings across 25 city blocks—roughly 40% of the area. The Gateway District was destroyed as were many buildings with notable architecture. One of the most lamented buildings was the Metropolitan Building known as "the Met". Efforts to save the building failed but are credited with jumpstarting interest in historic preservation in the state.

Geography

Minneapolis has a total area of 58.4 square miles (151.3 km²) and of this 6% is water and about 15% is parks. The city center is located just south of 45 degrees north latitude. On the south side of Golden Valley Road just east of Wirth Parkway, a stone containing a weathered plaque marks a point on the 45th parallel. The city's lowest elevation is near the place Minnehaha Creek meets the Mississippi. The Prospect Park Water Tower is the highest point.

Twenty four small lakes are within the city limits, known together as the "Chain of Lakes". Connected by bike, running and walking paths, Minneapolis lakes are used for swimming, fishing, picnics and boating. A parkway for cars, a bikeway for riders, and a walkway for pedestrians run parallel paths along the 52 mile (83 km) route of the Grand Rounds Scenic Byway.

Theodore Wirth is credited with the development of the parks system that brought a playground within the reach of most children and the canopy of trees and boulevards in much of the city. The country's oldest public wildflower garden, the Eloise Butler Wildflower Garden and Bird Sanctuary is near Theodore Wirth Park which is shared with Golden Valley and is about 60% the size of Central Park in New York City. The site of Minnehaha Falls, Minnehaha Park is one of the city's oldest and most popular parks, receiving over 500,000 visitors each year. Parks are interlinked in many places and the Mississippi National River and Recreation Area connects regional parks and visitors centers.

The climate of Minneapolis is typical of the Midwestern United States. Because of the city's northerly location, during the winter cold arctic air masses pushing their way south from Canada, and of all the major metropolitan areas in the U.S., the Minneapolis-St.Paul metropolitan area has the coldest annual mean temperature of only 44.6 °F (7 °C). The city has four distinct seasons. Winters are bitterly cold and dry, and summers are warm, sometimes hot, and frequently humid. The city experiences a full range of precipitation and related weather events, including snow, sleet, ice, rain, thunderstorms, and fog. The warmest temperature ever recorded in Minneapolis was 108 °F (42.2 °C) in July 1936. The coldest temperature ever recorded was -41 °F (-40.6 °C), in January 1888. The snowiest winter of record was 1983–84, when 98.4 inches (2.5 m) of snow fell. Template:MinneapolisTemperature

Demographics

During the 1850s and 1860s, new settlers arrived from New England and New York, and during the mid-1860s, Scandinavians from Sweden, Norway and Denmark moved to the city. By the end of the 19th century, most of the immigrants had come from Italy, Greece, Poland, and southern and eastern Europe. Jews came from Russia, Poland, Lithuania and Romania. Asians came from China, the Philippines, Japan, and Korea. Two groups came for a short while during U.S. government relocations, Japanese during the 1940s, and Native Americans during the 1950s. From 1970 onwards, Asians arrived from Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and Thailand. Beginning in the 1990s, a large Latino population arrived. Since the 1990s, refugees arrived from Africa, many from Somalia, and from Southeast Asia and Latin America. Today, some city services are routinely provided in four languages.

Estimates in 2005 show the population of Minneapolis is about 350,000, an 8% or 9% drop since the 2000 census. The population grew until 1950 when the census peaked at 521,718, and then declined as large numbers moved to the suburbs, until about 1990. The number of African Americans, Asians and Hispanics is growing. Black people are now about one fifth of the city's residents.

Compared to the U.S. national averages, the city has fewer whites and fewer Hispanics, more people aged over 18, fewer people aged over 65, fewer unemployed, and more with a college degree. While per capita and median family income is higher, in 2005 estimates for Minneapolis compared to U.S. averages, household income is lower and more families and individuals live below the poverty line.

Economy

Minneapolis today is a commercial, financial, rail and trucking, health care, and industrial center. The city is also known for publishing, milling, food processing, graphic arts, insurance and high technology. Industry produces metal and automotive products, chemical and agricultural products, electronic, computer, precision and medical instruments and devices, plastics and machinery.

Ameriprise Financial, Carlson Companies, Donaldson Company, Dorsey & Whitney, Goldner Hawn, PepsiAmericas, RBC Dain Rauscher, Thrivent Financial for Lutherans, U.S. Bancorp, Xcel Energy and Valspar Corporation are based in the city. Dairy Queen, General Mills, Medtronic and Nash Finch sometimes state that their headquarters are in Minneapolis although they are in nearby suburbs. The largest business headquartered in Minneapolis, Target Corporation operates about 1500 stores in 47 U.S. states.

Availability of Wi-Fi, transportation solutions, medical trials, university research and development expenditures, advanced degrees held by the work force and energy conservation are so far above the national average that in 2005, Popular Science named Minneapolis the "Top Tech City" in the U.S. Minneapolis ranked the country's number two best city in a 2006 Kiplinger's poll of Smart Places to Live and one of the Seven Cool Cities for young professionals.

The Twin Cities contribute 63.8% of the gross state product of Minnesota. The area's $145.8 billion gross metropolitan product and its per capita personal income rank 14th in the U.S. Recovering from the nation's recession in 2000, personal income grew 3.8% in 2005, though it was behind the national average of 5%. The city returned to peak employment during the fourth quarter of that year.

The Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, with one branch in Helena, Montana, serves Minnesota, Montana, North and South Dakota, and parts of Wisconsin and Michigan. One of the twelve regional banks in the Federal Reserve System, it operates a nationwide payments system, oversees member banks and bank holding companies, and serves as a banker for the U.S. Treasury. The bank distributes $43 million, receives $37 million, and destroys about $3 million of damaged currency each day.

Law and government

Minneapolis is a stronghold for the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party known as the DFL, an affiliate of the Democratic Party. The Minneapolis City Council holds the most power and represents the city's 13 districts called wards. The council has 12 DFL members and one from the Green Party. R.T. Rybak also of the DFL is the current mayor of Minneapolis. The office of mayor has some power to appoint individuals such as the chief of police but is otherwise relatively weak. Parks, libraries, taxation and public housing are semi-independent boards and levy their own taxes and fees subject to Board of Estimate and Taxation limits.

Minneapolis is divided into communities, each containing neighborhoods. Neighborhoods coordinate activities under the Neighborhood Revitalization Program. In some cases two or more neighborhoods act together under one organization. Some areas are commonly known by nicknames of business associations.

Canada and Norway have permanent consulates in Minneapolis. Denmark, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Guatemala, Korea, The Netherlands, Romania and Sweden have honorary consuls. Minneapolis has informal connections with Hiroshima, Japan and Kampala, Uganda and eight sister cities.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).

The organizers of Earth Day scored Minneapolis ninth best overall and second among mid-sized cities in their 2007 Urban Environment Report, a study based on indicators of environmental health and their effect on people. Minneapolis did well on median household income, level of education, and access to parks, farms and groceries. But in water pollution, violent crime and cost of living the city ranked lower.

Early Minneapolis experienced a period of corruption in local government and crime was common until an economic downturn in the mid 1900s. Since 1950 the population decreased and much of downtown was lost to urban renewal and highway construction. The result was a "moribund and peaceful" environment until the 1990s. With economic recovery the murder rate climbed. The police imported a computer system from New York City that sent officers to high crime areas despite accusations of racial profiling and saw a nearly immediate drop in major crime. Since then the number of homicides has increased during three years, and rose to its highest in recent history in 2006. Politicians debate the causes and solutions, from improving on the lack of police officers caused by balancing the city's budget, to providing youths with alternatives to gangs and drugs, to helping families in poverty. For 2007, the city invested in public safety infrastructure, hired over forty new officers, and has a new police chief, Tim Dolan.

Education

The Minneapolis Public Library system operates the city's public libraries. It faced a severe budget shortfall for 2007, and has been forced to close (but not sell) three of its neighborhood libraries. The new downtown Central Library designed by César Pelli opened in 2006. The project has public art by several artists including Ripple Effect by Lita Albuquerque in the main lobby. Pelli described the building, "In the evening, the library glows like a lantern." Ten special collections hold over 25,000 books and resources for researchers, the Minneapolis Collection and the 10,000 digital images in the Minneapolis Photo Collection. At recent count 1,696,453 items in the system are used annually. The library answers over 500,000 research and fact-finding questions each year.

Minneapolis has 36,370 enrolled students in public primary and secondary schools. The Minneapolis Public Schools administer all 99 public schools including 45 elementary schools, seven middle schools, seven high schools, eight special education schools, eight alternative schools, 19 contract alternative schools and five charter schools. With authority granted by the state and legislature, the school board makes policy, selects the superintendent, and oversees the district's budget, curriculum, personnel and facilities. Students speak 90 different languages at home and most school communications are printed in English, Hmong, Spanish and Somali. Besides public schools, more than 20 private schools and academies and about 20 charter schools are in the city.

Minneapolis is dominated by the main campus of the University of Minnesota where more than 50,000 undergraduate, graduate and professional students attend 20 colleges, schools, and institutes. Created in 1851 as a preparatory school, the university is noted for engineering, applied mathematics, management, health, and economics and holds more than 140 research facilities. A Big Ten school and home of the Minnesota Golden Gophers, the U of M is the fourth largest campus in the U.S.

Minneapolis Community and Technical College, the private Dunwoody College of Technology and Art Institutes International Minnesota provide career training. Augsburg College, Minneapolis College of Art and Design, North Central University and University of St. Thomas are private four year colleges. Capella University, Minnesota School of Professional Psychology and Walden University are headquartered in Minneapolis and some others including the public four year Metropolitan State University have campuses.

Arts and media

Minneapolitans support arts education, twelve large art, cultural, science and historical museums alongside smaller galleries and museums, four large ballet, dance and folkdance companies, filmmakers groups and numerous theater companies. The city publishes updates to the The Minneapolis Plan for Arts and Culture which has produced results such as the formal recognition of the Northeast Arts District.

The Minneapolis Institute of Arts built in 1915 in south central Minneapolis is the largest art museum in the city with 100,000 pieces in its permanent collection. A new wing designed by Michael Graves was completed in 2006 for contemporary and modern works and more gallery space. The Walker Art Center near downtown doubled its size with an addition in 2005 by Herzog & de Meuron and is continuing its expansion to fifteen acres with a park designed by Michel Desvigne across the street from the Minneapolis Sculpture Garden. Frank Gehry's addition to the Weisman Art Museum he designed for the university is expected to open in 2009.

The region is second only to New York City in live theater per capita and is the third-largest theater market in the U.S., supporting the Theatre de la Jeune Lune, Illusion, Jungle, Mixed Blood, Penumbra, the Brave New Workshop, Theater Latté Da and the Children's Theatre Company. Jean Nouvel designed the Guthrie Theater's new complex on the riverfront. Minneapolis purchased and renovated the Orpheum, State and Pantages Theatre theaters, three historic vaudeville and film houses on Hennepin Avenue now used for concerts and plays.

			File:Spoonbridge-and-Cherry-2004-07-23.jpg
Guthrie Theater, Gold Medal Flour, Washburn "A" Mill, Mill City Museum	In the Heart of the Beast May Day Parade, Powderhorn Park	Minneapolis Institute of Arts	Spoonbridge and Cherry, Minneapolis Sculpture Garden	Walker Art Center

Music

The son of a jazz musician, Prince is Minneapolis's most famous musical progeny. With fellow local musicians, many of whom recorded at Twin/Tone Records, he helped make First Avenue & 7th Street Entry and Minneapolis one of the most important music venues in the U.S. The Minnesota Orchestra plays classical music at Orchestra Hall under music director Osmo Vänskä who has set about making it the best in the country. The Minnesota Opera produces both classic and new operas and moved back to Minneapolis from St. Paul in 1990. Originally a violin school and today teaching jazz, classical, pop and world music in 45 locations, the MacPhail Center for Music is building a new facility near the Mississippi riverfront expected to open in late 2007. Home to the MN Spoken Word Association, the city has garnered notice for rap and hip hop and its spoken word community.

Media

Four major newspapers are published in the Minneapolis, the daily Star Tribune, the Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder serving the African American community, Finance and Commerce, the official business paper, and the university's Minnesota Daily. The city also supports the City Pages weekly now part of Village Voice Media, the Mpls.St.Paul, Minnesota Monthly, and The Rake monthlies, and Utne magazine. The Loft Literary Center and the Minnesota Center for Book Arts support many of the writers and poets who flourish in the area which is one of the largest U.S. centers for the printing and publishing industries. Listeners support three radio stations, the Minneapolis Public Schools operate one station as does the university, the networks have some affiliates, religious organizations have two stations, and seven radio stations are owned by Clear Channel Communications who is negotiating a private buyout. KSTP-TV, the ABC affiliate located in St. Paul, was the area's first television station. The first to broadcast in color was WCCO-TV, the CBS affiliate. The city also receives FOX, NBC, PBS, UPN and WB affiliates and one independent station.

Religion, charity and health

The Dakota believed in the Great Spirit and were surprised by the lack of religion among European settlers. Over 50 denominations and religions and some well known churches have since been established in Minneapolis. Those who arrived from New England were for the most part Christian Protestants, Quakers and Universalists. The oldest continuously used church in the city, Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic Church in the Nicollet Island/East Bank neighborhood was built in 1856 by Universalists and soon afterwards was acquired by French Catholics. The first Jewish congregation formed in 1878 as Shaarai Tov. After a fire in 1902 they built the synagogue Temple Israel. The first Russian Orthodox seminary in the U.S. was founded at St. Mary's Orthodox Cathedral in 1905. The first basilica built in the country, the Roman Catholic Basilica of Saint Mary near Loring Park was named by Pope Pius XI.

The Billy Graham Evangelistic Association, Decision magazine, and World Wide Pictures film and television distribution were headquartered in Minneapolis for about 40 of the years between the late 1940s into the 2000s. Jim Bakker and Tammy Faye met while attending the Pentecostal North Central University and began a television ministry that by the 1980s reached 13.5 million households. Today, Mount Olivet Lutheran Church in southwest Minneapolis has 13,000 members and is the largest Lutheran congregation in the world.

Philanthropy and charitable giving are part of the community. Catholic Charities is one of the largest providers of social services locally and operates in many locations. The American Refugee Committee helps one million refugees and displaced persons in ten countries in Africa, the Balkans and Asia each year. Although no Minneapolis businesses are top corporate citizens, Business Ethics was based in Minneapolis and was the predecessor of CRO magazine for corporate responsibility officers. The Minneapolis Foundation is the oldest foundation in Minnesota. It invests and administers over 900 charitable funds created by individuals and organizations and connects donors to nonprofits. The metropolitan area gives 13% of its total charitable donations to the arts and culture. The majority of the estimated $1 billion recent expansion of arts facilities was contributed privately.

Abbott Northwestern Hospital, the Britton Center for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Children's Hospitals and Clinics, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Fairview, and Hennepin County Medical Center (HCMC) serve the city. The Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota is a 75-minute drive away. U.S. News & World Report ranks Abbott, the university and HCMC among the best U.S. hospitals. All three were founded under other names during the 1800s and early 1900s. A public teaching hospital and Level I trauma center, the HCMC safety net sees 350,000 patient visits and 95,000 emergency room visits each year and provides an increasing part of the uncompensated care given in Minnesota, about 18% in 2006.

Sports

Gifted amateur athletes have played organized sports notably starting in the 1920s and 1930s at Central and Marshall high schools as well as De La Salle. Since the 1920s, the University of Minnesota's Gophers have won national championships in football, baseball and hockey. Today, runners and inline skaters, coed volleyball teams and touch football teams have access to the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome. Two thirds of the year the dome hosts high schools and colleges, concerts and community activities. Four Twin Cities Marathons include kids, 1 mile, 10 mile and the 26.2 Boston and USA Olympic Trials qualifier in October.

Minneapolis also is home to the most golfers per capita of any U.S. city, who enjoy the outstanding Hazeltine National Golf Club, Bearpath and Bunker Hills golf courses in nearby suburbs. Along with golf, per capita the state of Minnesota has the nation's most bicyclists, sport fishermen and snow skiers. Hennepin County which includes Minneapolis has the second-most number of horses per capita in the U.S. Scott and Brennan Olson founded Rollerblade in Minneapolis and later sold the company which became synonymous with inline skates.

Professional sports are well-established in Minneapolis. First playing in 1884, the Minneapolis Millers baseball team produced the best won-lost record in the minor leagues and fifteen players who were later inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame. During the 1940s, the Minneapolis Lakers basketball team, the city's first in the major leagues in any sport, played in and won basketball championships in three leagues, and later moved to Los Angeles. The American Wrestling Association, formerly the NWA Minneapolis Boxing & Wrestling Club, ran in Minneapolis from 1960 until the 1990s and today is known as AWA Wrestling Entertainment.

The Minnesota Vikings and the Minnesota Twins, formerly the Washington Senators, arrived in 1961. Both teams played outdoors in an open air stadium in the suburb of Bloomington for twenty years. The Minnesota Timberwolves brought NBA basketball back to Minneapolis in 1989, followed by the Minnesota Lynx in 1999. Today the city boasts major league baseball, American football and basketball teams. The NHL ice hockey team Minnesota Wild and USL-1 soccer team Minnesota Thunder play in St. Paul.
Template:MinneapolisProSports

Transportation

Many residents drive cars but 60% of the 160,000 workers downtown commute by means other than a single person per auto. Commuters who use alternatives are guaranteed a ride home through Metro Transit who operates the light rail system and most of the city's buses. One of the busiest in the U.S., the Hiawatha Line LRT serves 34,000 riders daily and connects the airport and Mall of America to downtown. The planned Central Corridor LRT will connect downtown with the University of Minnesota and downtown St. Paul via University Avenue.

Seven miles (11 km) of of enclosed pedestrian bridges skyways link 80 city blocks downtown. Second floor restaurants and retailers connected to these passageways are open weekdays.

The taxicab ordinance requires 10% wheelchair accessibility by 2009 and some use of alternative fuel or fuel efficient vehicles. Starting in 2011 the city's limit of 343 taxis will be lifted and in the interim 45 additional taxis can be licensed per year.

10,000 cyclists use the bike lanes in the city each day, and many ride in the winter. The Public Works Department expanded the bicycle trail system from the Grand Rounds to 56 miles (90 km) of off-street commuter trails including the Midtown Greenway, the Light Rail Trail, Kenilworth Trail, Cedar Lake Trail and the West River Parkway Trail along the Mississippi. The city encourages cycling and provides online bicycle maps.

Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport (MSP) is to the southeast off Minnesota State Highway 5. The airport has three international, twelve domestic, seven charter and four regional carriers and is a hub and home base for Northwest Airlines, Mesaba Airlines, Sun Country Airlines and Champion Air.

Passenger trains through the city disappeared but Amtrak's Empire Builder between Chicago and Seattle stops once daily in each direction at Midway Station in St. Paul. For 2009, the Metropolitan Council plans the Northstar Corridor between downtown and Big Lake, Minnesota on existing railroad tracks, and projects that 5,000 commuters will ride daily. Old rail lines and bridges within the city such as the Stone Arch Bridge have been converted for bicycles and pedestrians.

Famous Minneapolitans

Template:MinneapolisPeople

Minneapolis in popular culture

A statue of Mary Tyler Moore downtown on the Nicollet Mall commemorates the 1970s television situation comedy Mary Tyler Moore, awarded three Golden Globes and 31 Emmy Awards. Twins Brandon and Brenda Walsh were from Minneapolis on the TV series Beverly Hills, 90210. American Idol held auditions for its sixth season in Minneapolis in 2006. Tom Waits wrote two songs about the city, Christmas Card from a Hooker in Minneapolis (Blue Valentine 1978) and 9th & Hennepin (Rain Dogs 1985). Prince has included shout-outs to his hometown in songs and the live performances in his film Purple Rain take place at First Avenue. The underground hip-hop group Atmosphere frequently comments in song lyrics on the city and Minnesota.

List of annual events

References

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54. MPR, Horwich, Jeff, Council moves closer to theater deal, but concerns remain, April 6 2005 and City, Music & Theater
55. Joubert, Claire (May 2006). "Boom Town" (PDF). Mpls.St.Paul. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help) and Baenen, Jeff (May 5 2006). "Guthrie Theater brings curtain down on original home". AP. Retrieved 2007-03-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
56. Hennepin Theatre Trust (2002–2007). "Theatre History". Retrieved 2007-03-17.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
57. Twin/Tone Records (1978–1998). "The Twin/Tone catalog". Retrieved 2007-01-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
58. Minnesota Historical Society, First Avenue & 7th Street Entry Band Files, 1999-2004 and MPL, A History of Minneapolis, Music
59. NYT, Oestreich, James R., MUSIC; A Most Audacious Dare Reverberates, December 17 2006
60. Minnesota Opera (undated). "History". Retrieved 2007-03-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
61. MacPhail Center for Music (undated). "History". Retrieved 2007-03-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help) and Press
62. "Minnesota Spoken Word Association". undated. Retrieved 2007-03-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
63. ^ MPL, A History of Minneapolis, News, Media and Publishing
64. iBiquity Digital Corporation (2007). "HD Radio - Minneapolis-St. Paul". Retrieved 2007-03-18.
65. Associated Press (March 18 2007). "Clear Channel Seeks Support for Buyout". Retrieved 2007-03-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
66. Weeks, John (2003). "Minneapolis / St. Paul: Minnesota Twin Cities Area: Digital TV & HDTV Cheat Sheet". Retrieved 2007-03-18.
67. Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic Church (undated). "History". Retrieved 2007-03-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
68. Temple Israel. "History". Retrieved 2007-03-19. {{cite web}}: Text "January 17 2007" ignored (help)
69. St. Mary's Orthodox Cathedral (2006). "About St. Mary's". Retrieved 2007-03-19.
70. Billy Graham Center (November 11 2004). "Billy Graham and the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association - Historical Background". Retrieved 2007-03-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
71. NYT, Camhi, Leslie, FILM; The Fabulousness Of Tammy Faye, July 23 2000
72. Mount Olivet Lutheran Church (2005). "Welcome". Retrieved 2007-03-19.
73. MPL, A History of Minneapolis, Social Services
74. Catholic Charities of St. Paul & Minneapolis (2007). "About Us". Retrieved 2007-03-19.
75. American Refugee Committee (undated). "ARC's Mission". {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
76. Business Ethics magazine (2005). "History". Retrieved 2007-03-19. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help) and CRO (2006–2007). "100 Best Corporate Citizens Repeat Performers". Retrieved 2007-03-19.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
77. The Minneapolis Foundation (undated). "Who We Are, What We Do". Retrieved 2007-03-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
78. MSP, Cohen, Burt, The Spirit of Giving, May 2006
79. City, Health & Family and Mayo Foundation (2007). "Rochester, Minnesota Campus". Retrieved 2007-03-15.
80. MPL, A History of Minneapolis, Medicine. and U.S. News & World Report (2007). "Best Hospitals 2006". Retrieved 2007-03-22.
81. HCMC (2001–2007). "HCMC Governance".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date format (link) and HCMC (2001–2007). "About HCMC".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date format (link) and CP 26 (1259), Minnesota Eats Itself, January 19 2005 and American College of Surgeons (March 9 2007). "Verified Trauma Centers". Retrieved 2007-03-29. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
82. ^ MPL, A History of Minneapolis, Amateur Sports and Professional Sports
83. Metropolitan Sports Facilities Commission (2006). "History of the Metrodome". Retrieved 2007-02-11.
84. "Twin Cities Marathon". 2005–2007. Retrieved 2007-03-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
85. Lemelson-MIT (August 1997). "Inventor of the Week Archive: Scott & Brennan Olson (spelling corrected per rowbike.com)". MIT School of Engineering. Retrieved 2007-02-25.
86. AWA Wrestling Entertainment (2006). "About The AWA". Retrieved 2007-03-16.
87. ^ Cati Vanden Breul (September 28 2005). "Downtown Minneapolis named one of 17 best commuting districts". The Minnesota Daily. Retrieved 2007-03-16. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
88. Metro Transit (2007). "Guaranteed Ride Home".
89. "APTA Transit Ridership Report" (PDF). apta. Third Quarter, 2006. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help) and Metro Transit (2006). "Hiawatha Line". Retrieved 2007-02-03.
90. Metropolitan Council (2006). "Central Corridor Light Rail Transit (LRT)". Retrieved 2007-03-14.
91. MM, Skyways, 2007 and Gill, N.S., About.com (2007). "Skyways - Downtown Minneapolis and St. Paul Skyways". Retrieved 2007-03-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
92. Minneapolis City Council (2006). "Amending ordinance relating to Taxicabs" (PDF). City of Minneapolis. Retrieved 2007-03-16.
93. City, Bicycling in Minneapolis
94. MPL, A History of Minneapolis, Air Transportation
95. Air Line Pilots Association (2007). "Pilot Groups". Retrieved 2007-03-15.
96. Amtrak (2007). "St. Paul - Minneapolis, MN (MSP)".
97. MnDOT/NCDA (2007). "Facts and Figures". Retrieved 2007-03-16.
98. Minneapolis Park & Recreation Board (undated). "Stone Arch Bridge". Retrieved 2007-03-16. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
99. Marchex, Inc. (2006). "Famous Minnesotans". Retrieved 2007-01-14. and MHS, Minneapolis Music Collection and Minnesota Author Biographies Project and individual citations.
100. MM, Mary Tyler Moore statue, 2007 and Internet Movie Database (2007). "Awards for "Mary Tyler Moore" (1970)". Retrieved 2007-03-14.
101. Sparling, David A., Internet Movie Database (undated). "Plot summary for "Beverly Hills, 90210"". Retrieved 2007-03-14. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
102. Gary Levin, USA TODAY (July 10 2006). "Idol' tryouts begin Aug. 8". Retrieved 2007-03-14. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
103. MNHS, A Brief History of the Bands and Artists, July 10 2006
104. "Atmosphere". MySpace. 2003–2007. Retrieved 2007-03-14.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)

Further reading

• "City of Minneapolis". 1997–2007. Retrieved 2007-02-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
• "City Pages". Retrieved 2007-03-21.
• "Encyclopedia Britannica". Retrieved 2007-03-24.
• Fisk, Charles (March 3 2007). "Minneapolis-St. Paul Area Daily Climatological History of Temperature, Precipitation, and Snowfall, A Year-by-Year Graphical Portrayal (1820-Present)". Retrieved 2007-03-25. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
• "Meet Minneapolis". 2007. Retrieved 2007-03-21.
• "Minnesota Historical Society". Retrieved 2007-03-21.
• Minneapolis Public Library (2001). "A History of Minneapolis". Retrieved 2007-02-12.
• "Minnesota Public Radio, regional news". Retrieved 2007-03-21.
• "Mpls.St.Paul PDF images via Meet Minneapolis" (PDF). Retrieved 2007-03-21.
• "The New York Times". Retrieved 2007-03-21.

External links

• City of Minneapolis

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• 1850s establishments
• Cities in Minnesota
• Cities on the Mississippi River
• Hennepin County, Minnesota
• Minneapolis, Minnesota
• Minneapolis-St. Paul
• County seats in Minnesota