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Lewis and Clark Expedition

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Lewis and Clark

The Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806), headed by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, was the first American overland expedition to the Pacific coast and back.

Earlier European exploration to the Pacific coast

While the Lewis and Clark expedition was the first American overland expedition to the Pacific coast, it was preceded over a decade earlier by a Canadian expedition led by explorer Sir Alexander Mackenzie, whose expedition completed the first recorded transcontinental crossing of North America north of Mexico by a person not of the indigenous peoples of the Americas, in July 1793.

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Expedition members

File:Lewis-and-clark-statue.jpg
Statue of Lewis and Clark in Seaside, Oregon, near the expedition's end
  1. Captain Meriwether Lewis — private secretary to President Thomas Jefferson and leader of the Expedition.
  2. Lieutenant William Clark — shared command of the Expedition, although technically second in command.
  3. York — Clark's enslaved black manservant.
  4. Sergeant Charles Floyd — the Expedition's quartermaster; died early in the trip. He was the one person who died during the Expedition.
  5. Sergeant Patrick Gass — chief carpenter, promoted to Sergeant after Floyd's death.
  6. Sergeant John Ordway — responsible for issuing provisions, appointing guard duties, and keeping records for the Expedition.
  7. Sergeant Nathaniel Hale Pryor — leader of the 1st Squad; he presided over the court martial of privates John Collins and Hugh Hall.
  8. Corporal Richard Warfington — conducted the return party to St. Louis in 1805.
  9. Private John Boley — disciplined at Camp Dubois and was assigned to the return party.
  10. Private William E. Bratton — served as hunter and blacksmith.
  11. Private John Collins — had frequent disciplinary problems; he was court-martialed for stealing whiskey which he had been assigned to guard.
  12. Private John Colter — charged with mutiny early in the trip, he later proved useful as a hunter; he earned his fame after the journey.
  13. Private Pierre Cruzatte — a one-eyed French fiddle-player and a skilled boatman.
  14. Private John Dame
  15. Private Joseph Field — a woodsman and skilled hunter, brother of Reubin.
  16. Private Reubin Field — a woodsman and skilled hunter, brother of Joseph.
  17. Private Robert Frazer — kept a journal that was never published.
  18. Private George Gibson — a fiddle-player and a good hunter; he served as an interpreter (probably via sign language).
  19. Private Silas Goodrich — the main fisherman of the expedition.
  20. Private Hugh Hall — court-martialed with John Collins for stealing whiskey.
  21. Private Thomas Proctor Howard — court-martialed for setting a "pernicious example" to the Indians by showing them that the wall at Fort Mandan was easily scaled.
  22. Private François Labiche — French fur trader who served as an interpreter and boatman.
  23. Private Hugh McNeal — the first white explorer to stand astride the headwaters of the Missouri River on the Continental Divide.
  24. Private John Newman — court-martialed and confined for "having uttered repeated expressions of a highly criminal and mutinous nature."
  25. Private John Potts — German immigrant and a miller.
  26. Private Moses B. Reed — attempted to desert in August 1804; convicted of desertion and expelled from the party.
  27. Private John Robertson — member of the Corps for a very short time.
  28. Private George Shannon — was lost twice during the expedition, once for sixteen days. Youngest member of expedition at 19.
  29. Private John Shields — blacksmith, gunsmith, and a skilled carpenter; with John Colter, he was court-martialed for mutiny.
  30. Private John B. Thompson — may have had some experience as a surveyor.
  31. Private Howard Tunn — hunter and navigator.
  32. Private Ebenezer Tuttle — may have been the man sent back on June 12, 1804; otherwise, he was with the return party from Fort Mandan in 1805.
  33. Private Peter M. Weiser — had some minor disciplinary problems at River Dubois; he was made a permanent member of the party.
  34. Private William Werner — convicted of being absent without leave at St. Charles, Missouri, at the start of the expedition.
  35. Private Isaac White — may have been the man sent back on June 12, 1804; otherwise, he was with the return party from Fort Mandan in 1805.
  36. Private Joseph Whitehouse — often acted as a tailor for the other men; he kept a journal which extended the Expedition narrative by almost five months.
  37. Private Alexander Hamilton Willard — blacksmith; assisted John Shields. He was convicted on July 12, 1804, of sleeping while on sentry duty and given one hundred lashes.
  38. Private Richard Windsor — often assigned duty as a hunter.
  39. Interpreter Toussaint Charbonneau — Sacagawea's husband; served as a translator and often as a cook.
  40. Interpreter Sacagawea — Charbonneau's wife; translated Shoshone to Hidatsa for Charbonneau and was a valued member of the expedition.
  41. Jean Baptiste Charbonneau — Charbonneau and Sacagawea's son, born February 11, 1805; his presence helped dispel any notion that the expedition was a war party, smoothing the way in Indian lands.
  42. Interpreter George Drouillard — skilled with Indian sign language; the best hunter on the expedition.

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See also

References

Further reading

History

External links

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