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Pakistan occupied Kashmir (PoK or POK) is the name given by India to a portion of Jammu and Kashmir controlled by Pakistan and China. After the partition of the former British colony of India into Republic of India and Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the Maharaja of Kashmir who had an option of either joining India or Pakistan, chose to join the Indian Republic. The signing of this deal took place after Pakistan had sent Pashtun tribesmen to occupy Kashmir under the claim that a Muslim majority existed in Jammu and Kashmir and that the rights of the majority outweighed the views of its formerly British-backed Hindu ruler. The Indian Army which went into Kashmir at the Maharaja's request, did not recover all the area that was under Pakistani control. The area that was left under Pakistani control after the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 came to be known as Pakistan occupied Kashmir, while the Indian part of Kashmir was referred to by Pakistan as Indian occupied Kashmir.
Pakistan divided this area into three parts:
- The Islamic Republic of Azad Jammu & Kashmir,
- The Northern Areas, which are administered as a de facto 'Union Territory' and as an integral part of Pakistan, and
- A small part of Northern Areas that was ceded to China by Pakistan in 1963 with the proviso that the settlement was subject to the final solution of the Kashmir dispute.