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PAK FA
Role multi-role fighterType of aircraft
Manufacturer Sukhoi Design Bureau
First flight January 2010 (est.)
Introduction 2015 - 2017 (est.)
Status In testing/preproduction as of 2010
Primary user Russian Air Force
Number built 3 technical mock-ups, 3 prototype on assembly
Variants Sukhoi/HAL FGFA

The Sukhoi PAK FA (Template:Lang-ru, Perspektivnyi Aviatsionnyi Kompleks Frontovoi Aviatsy literally "Prospective (Promising) Aircraft Complex (System) of Front line Aviation") is a fighter aircraft which is being developed by Sukhoi OKB for the Russian Air Force.

The current prototype is Sukhoi's T-50 and the PAK FA when fully developed is intended to replace the MiG-29 Fulcrum and Su-27 Flanker in the Russian inventory and serve as the basis of the Sukhoi/HAL FGFA project being developed with India. A fifth generation jet fighter, it is designed to directly compete with the American F-22 Raptor and F-35 Lightning II. The T-50 is scheduled for its first flight in 2010.

Development

Radar with APAA for the PAK FA is provided NIIP. MAKS-2009
APAA in slat. MAKS-2009
Optical detection pod for the aircraft Su PAK FA. MAKS-2009

In the late 1980s, the Soviet Union outlined a need for a next-generation aircraft to replace its MiG-29 and Su-27 in frontline service. Two projects were proposed to meet this need, the Sukhoi Su-47 and the Mikoyan Project 1.44. In 2002, Sukhoi was chosen to lead the design for the new combat aircraft. The PAK FA will incorporate technology from both the Su-47 and the MiG 1.44.

The Tekhnokompleks Scientific and Production Center, Ramenskoye Instrument Building Design Bureau, the Instrument Building Scientific Research Institute (Zhukovskiy), the Ural Optical and Mechanical Plant (Yekaterinburg), the Polet firm (Nizhniy Novgorod) and the Central Scientific Research Radio Engineering Institute (Moscow) were pronounced winners in the competition held in the beginning of 2003 for the development of the avionics suite for the fifth-generation airplane. NPO Saturn has been determined the lead executor for work on the engines for this airplane.

The Novosibirsk Chkalov Aviation Production Association (NAPO) has begun construction of the fifth-generation multirole fighter. This work is being performed at Komsomol'sk-on-Amur together with Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Production Association; the enterprise's general director, Fedor Zhdanov reported during a visit to NAPO by Novosibirsk Oblast's governor Viktor Tolokonskiy on 6 March 2007. "Final assembly will take place at Komsomol'sk-on-Amur, and we will be carrying out assembly of the fore body of this airplane," Zhdanov specified. The fifth-generation fighter, which will replace the MiG-29 and Su-27 airplanes of the previous generation, was developed by the Sukhoi design bureau.

NAPO Chkalov also has been realizing serial production of the newest Su-34 Fullback multirole bomber since last year. According to the governor, the oblast's government will adopt a complex of measures for supplemental governmental support to NAPO in the very near future. As of today, the most severe problem at the enterprise is personnel. "In the 1990s, many highly-qualified workers were let go under the conditions of a slump, and now time is needed for training new ones. Our assistance will be in the resolution of personnel questions, and also in the provision of lodging for the enterprise's specialists," governor Tolokonskiy said in this connection.

NAPO Chkalov is one of the country's largest airplane-building enterprises and is included in the Sukhoi Holding Company, ITAR-TASS notes. On 8 August 2007, Russian Air Force Commander Alexander Zelin was quoted by Russian news agencies that the development stage of the PAK FA program is now complete and construction of the first aircraft for flight testing will now begin.. Alexander Zelin also said that by 2009 there will be three (3) fifth-generation aircraft ready. "All of them are currently undergoing tests and are more or less ready", - he said. Though three prototypes were planned to have been produced by 2009 recent conferences and briefings have shown that no prototype had been produced by the original date disclosed by Zelin.

On 20 August 2009, Russian Air Force Chief Alexander Zelin said that there were problems with the engines and research was continuing.

Maiden flight

It was announced on 5 May 2007 by Deputy Prime Minister Sergei Ivanov that the first flight of the new aircraft was expected in late 2008, almost a year later than originally expected. That estimate has now been superseded by the statement of Sukhoi CEO Mikhail Pogosyan, who stated at the Langkawi International Maritime and Aerospace (LIMA) 2007 exhibition in Malaysia on December 6 that the prototype will not fly until 2009. This was again confirmed by the deputy prime minister in charge of arms procurement, Sergei Ivanov, in a news conference after a meeting of the Military-Industrial Commission in January 2009.

On 28 of February 2009 Mikhail Pogosyan announced that the airframe for the aircraft was almost finished and that the first prototype should be ready by August 2009. On 20 August 2009, Sukhoi General Director Mikhail Pogosyan said that the first flight would be by year end. Konstantin Makiyenko, deputy head of the Moscow-based Centre for Analysis of Strategies and Technologies said that "even with delays", the plane would likely make its first flight by January or February, adding that there could be at least 10 years between the first flight and commercial production.

The Weekly Standard reports that Russian sources have indicated that the T-50 prototype will fly in 2010 or early 2011 with current technology radar, engines and avionics as the advanced systems for the completed PAK FA will require help from a foreign partner. On December 8, 2009 The Deputy Prime Minister Sergei Ivanov announced that the first trials with the fifth generation aircraft would begin in 2010. The testing, however, has commenced earlier than stated, with the first successful taxiing test taking place on 24'th of December 2009. On December 28 it was announced that the first test flight will be either in Moscow, at LII Gromov, or on the KnAAPO airfield.

Derivative project with India, The Sukhoi/HAL FGFA

Russia and India agreed in early 2007 to jointly study and develop a Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft Programme, FGFA. On October 27, 2007, Asia Times quoted Sukhoi's director, Mikhail Pogosyan, "We will share the funding, engineering and intellectual property in a 50-50 proportion." The Indian version, according to the deal, will be different from the Russian version and specific to Indian requirements. While the Russian version will be a single-pilot fighter, the Indian variant will have a twin-seat configuration based on its operational doctrine which calls for greater radius of combat operations. The wings and control surfaces need to be reworked for the FGFA. Although, development work has yet to begin, the Russian side has expressed optimism that a test article will be ready for its maiden flight by early 2010 induction into service by 2015. Its Maiden Flight is said to be in early 2010.

Design

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Although there is not much reliable information about the PAK FA's specifications yet, it is known from interviews with people in the Russian Air Force and defense ministry that it will be stealthy, have the ability to supercruise, be outfitted with the next generation of air-to-air, air-to-surface, and air-to-ship missiles, incorporate a fix-mounted AESA radar with a 1,500-element array and have an artificial intellect. The PAK FA will use on its first flights 2 Saturn 117S engines (about 14.5 ton thrust each). The 117S is an advanced version of the AL-31F, but built with the experience gained in the AL-41F program. The AL-41F powered the Mikoyan MFI fighter (Project/Article 1.44). Later versions of the PAK FA will use a completely new engine (17.5 ton thrust each), developed by NPO Saturn or FGUP MMPP Salyut.

See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

References

  1. Russia to start flight tests of fifth-generation in 2009
  2. The aircraft, for which initial rate production is slated to begin by 2015
  3. Air Forces to deter space-based strikes on Russia, RussiaToday, 2009-08-13
  5. Russia's United Aircraft reaches maturity
  6. http://indiatoday.digitaltoday.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=16398&issueid=&sectionid=4
  7. http://www.upi.com/Security_Industry/2009/01/16/Russia_bets_on_new_Sukhoi_fighter_to_match_F-35/UPI-93841232131619/
  8. Russia's Own fifth generation combat aircraft
  9. izvestiya.ru 6 March 2007
  10. Russia to build fifth-generation fighter prototype soon
  11. PAK FA to fly in August 09
  12. Latest Russian fighter jet has engine problems
  13. Ivanov, Russia's fifth generation combat aircraft to fly by late 2008, RIA Novosti
  14. Russia to test fifth-generation fighter in 2009, RIA Novosti
  15. 2009-01-21, RIA Novosti
  16. India Defence
  17. Russia's new fighter to fly by yr-end - Sukhoi
  18. Just Like US(AF)? Russia's fifth generation fighter. by Reuben F. Johnson
  19. http://en.rian.ru/russia/20091208/157157685.html
  20. The testing of the Russian 5'th generation fighter has commenced, Lenta.Ru report, in Russian.
  21. 5'th generation Sukhoi taxiing, BBC Russian Service report, in Russian.
  22. http://www.aviationnews.eu/2009/12/29/sukhois-pak-fa-or-t-50-started-taxi-trials-first-flight-early-in-january/ Sukhois PAK-FA or T-50 started taxi trials, first flight early in January
  23. http://arms-tass.su/?page=article&aid=79675&cid=25
  24. Rasheed Kappan (2007-02-08). "Indo-Russian agreement soon on PAK-FA". The Hindu. Retrieved 2007-10-20.
  25. "India, Russia to make 5th generation fighter jets". Times of India. 2007-01-24. Retrieved 2007-10-20.
  26. India, Russia still brothers in arms
  27. Indo-Russian 5th generation fighter to take-off by 2012
  28. India, Russia to have different versions of same fighter plane
  29. http://www.en.rian.ru/russia/20091223/157334042.html
  30. "Sukhoi/HAL FGFA a Indian Stealth Fighter". Defence Aviation. 2008-10-27. Retrieved 2008-11-21.
  31. http://www.en.rian.ru/russia/20091223/157334042.html
  32. ndia, Russia close to PACT on next generation fighterBusiness Standard Retrieved on January 5, 2010
  33. Fighter Order Rekindles Russian Air Force
  34. Russia to commence flight tests of FGFA
  35. According to top South Block sources, the ambiguous Indian medium combat aircraft (MCA) programme, being spearheaded by the Aeronautical Development Agency, has already started functioning as a development platform to feed the fifth generation fighter programme.

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