Criticism of Jehovah's Witnesses

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Major Ongoing Issues

These are issues that are currently affecting the Jehovah's Witnesses Organization

Blood Problem

There are two inconsistencies in the current policy that groups such as Associated Jehovah's Witnesses for Reform on Blood are attempting to have addressed. Accepting a blood component does not adhere to the principle that blood be poured out. Furthermore, if blood fractions are accepted then Jehovah’s Witnesses should also be allowed to donate blood.

If a person has previously been disfellowshipped for accepting a blood fraction that is now permissible they are not automatically reinstated, as the disfellowshipping is considered to be a result of showing disrespect for the leadership of the Organization as much as the issue of blood.

Regardless of the medical considerations, Jehovah Witnesses advocate that physicians should uphold the right of a patient to choose what treatments they accept or do not accept. Accordingly, US courts tend not to hold physicians responsible for adverse health effects that a patient incurred out of his or her own requests. However, the point of view that physicians must, in all circumstances, abide by the religious wishes of the patients is not acknowledged by all jurisdictions (for one example, see France).

The situation has been controversial, particularly in the case of minor children. In the United States, many physicians will agree to explore and exhaust all non-blood alternatives in the treatment of children at the request of their legal guardians. However, some state laws require physicians to administer blood-based treatment to minors if it is their professional opinion that it is necessary to prevent immediate death or severe permanent damage.

A peer-reviewed essay entitled, "Jehovah's Witnesses, Blood Transfusions, and the Tort of Misrepresentation," found in the Autumn issue of Baylor University’s Journal of Church and State, published December 13, 2005, discusses the potential vulnerability of Jehovah’s Witnesses’ legal corporations to significant claims for compensation because of the religion’s possible misrepresentation of the medical risks of blood transfusions. According to the essay, constitutional guarantees of freedom of religion do not remove the legal responsibility that every person or organization has regarding misrepresenting secular fact. If actual court cases follow the legal argument suggested by this essay, the total awards to those who have lost relatives as a result of the doctrine could easily total hundreds of millions of dollars, crippling the organization financially. The Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses has decided to now issue a new directive on blood to all congregations from January 2006, and this replaces the 1995 directives, which are to be removed from organizational files and "be destroyed".

Some examples of many controversial issues in regard to blood are:

Critical Blood Questions for Jehovah's Witnesses:

1. Where does the Bible divide 'major and minor' blood parts, and say one is ok, and the other a grave sin and "against God's perfect Law" as the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses does?

2. The human body contains between 2–3 kg of leukocytes , but only about 3% are in the blood, and they are strictly prohibited according to the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses. A mothers milk contains more than 10 times the amount found in a full blood transfusion, and an organ transplant contains far more again; yet, the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses permits mother's milk and organ transplants, but the much smaller quantities of leukocytes taken from blood are not permitted. How can this be rational to ban leukocytes from blood when much larger quantities of leukocytes come from a mother's milk and organ transplants? Where does it say in the Bible this is acceptable reasoning and practise for a Christian?

3. Blood Plasma is strictly forbidden by the Governing Body under "God's divine perfect Law", but plasma contains Albumin, globulins, fibrinogen and coagulation factors, and 93% water. If you have all of those components separately they are approved by the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses, but totally prohibited if you have them all at once. Some critics have stated "it's like saying a hamburger is banned and very sinful, but if you have the bread, burger, and salad separately then it's perfectly acceptable." How is this reasonable, and where does the Bible state of such interpretations and unusual reasoning distinctions?

The Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses totally prohibits the storage of blood saying it is sinful and against scripture. They state the seriousness of this very strongly:

However, they had to acknowledge that the life of any animal killed for food belonged to God, doing so by pouring its blood out as water on the ground. This was like giving it back to God, not using it for one's own purposes. (De 12:15, 16) Under the Mosaic Law. . . .made by Jehovah . . . He made it clear that "bloodguilt" was attached to anyone who ignored the procedure stipulated by God's law even in the killing of an animal. (Le 17:3, 4) The blood of an animal to be used for food was to be poured out on the ground and covered with dust. (Le 17:13, 14) Anyone who ate blood of any sort of flesh was to be 'cut off from among his people.' Deliberate violation of this law regarding the sacredness of blood meant being "cut off" in death.—Le 17:10; 7:26, 27; Nu 15:30, 31.—Insight book, Vol 1, p.334, 345

Various medical products have been obtained from biological sources, either animal or human. . . .Such commercialization of . . .blood is hardly tempting for true Christians, who guide their thinking by God's perfect law. Our Creator views blood as sacred, representing God-given life. . . blood removed from a creature was to be poured out on the ground, disposed of.—Leviticus 17:13; Deuteronomy 12:15, 16".—Watchtower 1 February 1997 p.30

Jehovah told the Israelites that blood was to be poured out on the ground and was not to be used for man's own purposes. (Deuteronomy 12:15, 16) And God's law on blood was reiterated when first-century Christians were instructed: "Keep abstaining . . . from blood."—Acts 15:28, 29. (Knowledge book, 1995 p.129)

4. Critics point out Factor VIII used by haemophiliacs and is approved by the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses, but is made from the pooling of up to 2,500 separate blood donors, and in a lifetime the average haemophiliac's Factor VIII needs will use up well over 100,000 litres of stored blood. The storing of blood is totally prohibited. So, how can the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses justify the massive quantities of stored and processed blood for haemophiliacs? How can 100,000 litres of blood be ok to store and use, but 1 litre stored and transfused be a mortal sin against "God's perfect Law"? Where in the Bible is this practise of storing blood given approval and set out as an acceptable practise for a Christian?

5. The Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses says its position on blood saved many from contracting HIV|AIDS from blood in the 1980s and early 1990s. Why is this information given when the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses knows that the majority of those infected with HIV|AIDS at that time from blood were haemophiliacs and they got it from infected supplies of Factor VIII. The Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses says Factor VIII is an approved and acceptable product for Jehovah's Witnesses, so why does the Governing Body omit the fact that many people who are haemophiliacs contracted AIDS from Factor VIII supplies? The Governing Body claims their practises were "healthy alternatives", and even go as far as to say their blood policy saved many from contracting HIV|AIDS, which was not the case with all the infected haemophiliacs.

6. For many years Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses banned the use of red blood cells, resulting in deaths, but they now say the use of extracted haemoglobin is acceptable, but haemoglobin is almost 98% of the red cell's content (excluding water). How is this reasonable to ban the cell, but ok to use the cell's contents, and where is this taught in the Bible? Also, what about those who died in the past when this doctrine of a ban on haemoglobin was active, as it's now been reversed?

7. Animal blood is to be "poured out on the ground" and was part of "God's perfect law" according to the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses, and is unclean, but since the year 2000 the Governing Body now allows the use of Hemopure® for Jehovah's Witnesses, which is made from large quantities of stored and processed cow's blood. Why is this acceptable and not a gross sin, when the Bible says the blood of animals is to be poured out? Where does the Bible say using cow's blood, storing large quantities of it, and then processing it commercially, and using it on humans is an acceptable practise for Christians? These seven points are some of the many unanswered question from critics in regard to Jehovah's Witnesses' blood policy.

Bulgarian Blood Perjury

In 1998, in order to receive legal recognition from the government of Bulgaria, the Watchtower Society signed an agreement with the Bulgarian government in which they stated that “members should have free choice in the matter for themselves and their children, without any control or sanction on the part of the association.” A press release distributed in 1997 by the European Commission of Human Rights clearly explains the understanding of the Commission and the Bulgarians of the Society’s stated position: “In respect of the refusal of blood transfusion, the applicant association submits that there are no religious sanctions for a Jehovah’s Witness who chooses to accept blood transfusion and that, therefore, the fact that the religious doctrine of Jehovah’s Witnesses is against blood transfusion cannot amount to a threat to ‘public health.’

The Watchtower Society’s perspective on the agreement can be found in a press release it distributed on April 27, 1998. In announcing the agreement with Bulgaria, the only information about the agreement to allow transfusions is the statement: “The agreement also includes an acknowledgment that each individual has the freedom to choose the type of medical treatment he receives.” This vague statement, while not openly contradicting the agreement, also contains no indication of the historic compromise to which the Society agreed by ostensibly allowing blood transfusions. The 1997 press release by the Commission, explaining their position regarding the then-unsettled case, alerted many people to a perceived doctrinal change by the Society. To prevent the media or other Witnesses from drawing their own conclusions about doctrinal changes, the Society stated in its press release: “The terms of the agreement do not reflect a change in the doctrine of Jehovah's Witnesses.”

The position of the Watchtower Society was clear: despite their agreement to allow Witnesses to receive blood transfusions in Bulgaria. The Society will continue to levy religious sanctions against Witnesses who receive blood transfusions, forcing the Witnesses to decide between possible death or “excommunication or disfellowshipping.”

Sex Abuse Problem

Jehovah's Witnesses, as an organization, have been accused of covering up cases of child molestation committed by their members. The religious group came under scrutiny parallel to the discovery of systematic abuse and cover-ups, most famously, within the Catholic Church in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Although other religions had less-noted issues concerning sexual abuse. (Anglicans in Australia, Unitarian/Universalism, and possibly Greek Orthodox Christians)

In February 2001, Christianity Today printed an article alleging that Jehovah's Witness policies made reporting sexual abuse difficult for members, and did not follow legal norms on the issue. Shortly after, in 2002, Erica Rodriguez filed a suit in the US District Court in Spokane, Washington. Manuel Beliz was convicted of abusing her and, was sentenced to eleven years' imprisonment for his crime. In her suit, Rodriguez sought unspecified damages from Beliz for her abuse, and also from the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society. In 2003, Heidi Meyer alleged that her pleas concerning sexual abuse were dismissed and that this is a widespread problem.

In response, Jehovah's Witnesses stated their opposition to any form of child abuse, declaring that where child abuse can be proven to their standards (two adult Jehovah's Witness witnesses or voluntary confession), and the member is unrepentant, he or she is (or ought to be) disfellowshipped (expelled from the religious institution). However the Jehovah's Witnesses organization and its adherents have nevertheless faced criticism for leniency on this issue.

William H. Bowen, a critic and former member of the religion, who founded Silent Lambs, went so far as to state: "I refuse to support a pedophile refuge mentality that is promoted among bodies of elders around the world. Criminals should be ousted, identified and punished to protect the innocent and give closure to the victim."

Witnesses do not accept such charges. They defend themselves by stating that they obey all legal requirements for reporting sex offenders, and that they do discipline and disfellowship (excommunicate) pedophiles. They also vigorously dispute statements that encourage a negative view of an already oft-persecuted religious group.

One common criticism of Jehovah's Witness policy regarding sex abuse is that the victim is encouraged to first report the crime to the elders. Later, the victim may decide to report the crime to civil authorities. The elders are not instructed to encourage or discourage a report to civil authorities, nor do the elders themselves report the crime (though in some cases, elders have suggested to the victims that reporting the case could tarnish the reputation of the organization). Any delays in reporting sex crimes to civil authorities and collection of available evidence decreases the likelihood of successful prosecution of the accused offender. (PDF format)

The BBC reported on the controversy around Jehovah Witness child abuse in July 2002, in the Panorama program "Suffer the Little Children". The details and transcript are at http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/panorama/2114320.stm.

The Change on Disassociated Ones

On 18 March 1981, Peter Gregerson submitted a letter of resignation from the organization, according to him due to stress and constant badgering and intimidation. At the time that he left, Witnesses were still allowed to have normal and friendly contact with "disassociated" people. Gregerson indicated that he could not tolerate the constant harassment and unchristian manner in which he was being targeted, regarding a private conversation about a Watchtower article using the incorrect Greek word for the location of the 'Great Crowd'. Soon after his resignation, the Watch Tower Society rapidly changed its policy for those "disassociated" and reverted to a previous stance, and classed them in the same manner as those "disfellowshipped" (excommunicated), this being a much more serious condition. Such individuals were then routinely classed in the same ranks as "wicked sinners, antichrist, anti-God, fornicators, idolaters, drunkards and extortioners", as were also any who were guilty of the crime in the Society's eyes of "independent thoughts" as stated in the Society's 1 September 1980, letter to all Circuit and District overseers. (See the article on Ray Franz.)

This change also had a side-effect that benefited the organization in that there is no judicial committee hearing, absolving the organization from any obvious responsibility. This has been used in other areas like the blood issue (see above). The taking of a blood transfusion is considered an act of "disassociation" on the part of the recipient; even if the party says they are repentant they will be shunned because there is no judicial committee hearing to rule on it.

Watchtower Disaster Relief Profit

A recent announcement was made to all congregations it was directed that donations to assist victims of the Katrina Hurricane was to be placed in the general contribution called the Worldwide Work of Jehovah's Witnesses(WWW). The WWW is a general donation fund that is distributed at the sole discretion of leadership of the Jehovah Witnesses. The WWW is used to buy paper to make literature, build new branch offices. A portion of this money is also used for disaster relief for members that are affected by natural disasters. When Regional Build Committee (RBC)(volunteer building group of JWs) comes in to rebuild a home of a member the owner signs an agreement. That agreement states that any insurance payment check will be signed over to WWW when received. RBC comes in and rebuilds a home with volunteer labor and some donated materials at a fraction of the cost and then the owner is required to send the full rebuild insurance check to WWW. All homes are required to carry insurance so it results in a very profitable enterprise for home office. Then there are Kingdom Halls, they too carry insurance that pays for the damage that is rebuilt with volunteer labor and often donated materials. If there is a rebuild with additional costs the home office will not rebuild for free they make a loan with interest at 3% and then when the loan is paid off the KH belongs to home office. There are no statements provided or other information about how WWW money is spent toward the disaster or anything else in the organization.

Doctrinal Issues

These are problems that the Watchtower Society was found to be involved with that contradict what it has written in several of its own publications.

UN NGO

During the 1990s, the Watchtower society was affiliated with the United Nations as an NGO(Non-governmental organization). This is in apparent contradiction to the Watchtower Society's stand that the organization stand for a "wild beast" from the Bible book of Revelation (as explained, for example, in the Society's publication, Revelation - It's Grand Climax At Hand). Additionally, such affiliation goes against the Watchtower's stance that any religion that is affiliated therewith is going to be destroyed at Armageddon. The Watchtower has released a letter stating that it only sought this status to receive access to the UN library. A statement released by the UN indicates that NGO status was not necessary for this, and that any student may have access to their library. In fact, anyone with access to the Internet can access information from the UN libary. This issue was exposed by the British Guardian newspaper. (scroll down link to find article). Shortly after the issue was exposed, the Watchtower Society cut ties with the UN.

UN the image of the Wild Beast

Jehovah's Witnesses teach that the United Nations is the "image of the wild beast" referred to in Revelation 13:1-18 and the fulfillment of the "disgusting thing that causes desolation" from Matthew 24:15. (Watchtower 5/1/1999 p. 14) Jehovah's Witnesses believe that Jehovah will use the United Nations to destroy "false religion" as an institution; that all institutionalized religions except Jehovah's Witnesses will be destroyed. It is expected that the United Nations will then turn against Jehovah's Witnesses to destroy them, but Jehovah will intervene and destroy all political elements. They believe this act of divine intervention will be Armageddon, the final part of the "Great Tribulation."

The United Nations has been identified this way by Jehovah's Witnesses since prior to the official emergence of the UN on October 24, 1945.

1963 Resolution

In 1963 Jehovah's Witnesses adopted a Resolution establishing the official view of the United Nations. The Resolution was published in the November 15, 1963 issue of Watchtower. At 24 assemblies held throughout the year, a total of 454,977 convention attendees adopted the Resolution.

Regarding the United Nations, paragraph 5 of that resolution states, "This international organization stands for world sovereignty by political men. For years men without faith in God’s kingdom have endeavored to get all people to worship this international image of human political sovereignty as the best hope for earthly peace and security, in fact, the last hope for humanity. To date 111 nations have given worship to this political image by becoming members of it. However, we, as witnesses of the Sovereign God Jehovah, will continue refusing to engage in such idolatrous worship..."

Due to the rules of the United Nations charter, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), such as the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society, cannot become members of the United Nations. The closest relationship that an NGO can develop with the United Nations is to associate to one of its sections.

Official Policy on Voluntary Attachments to Condemned Organizations

The publication Organized to Do Jehovah's Will has this to say regarding Jehovah's Witnesses forming voluntary attachments: "a person might renounce his place in the Christian congregation by his actions, such as by becoming part of a secular organization that has objectives contrary to the Bible and, hence, is under judgment by Jehovah God. (Isa. 2:4; Rev. 19:17-21) If a person who is a Christian chooses to join those who are disapproved by God, a brief announcement is made to the congregation, stating: ' is no longer one of Jehovah’s Witnesses.' Such a person is treated in the same way as a disfellowshipped person." (Organized to Do Jehovah's Will p. 155 paragraph 2—emphasis added)

NGO Associate to the United Nations Department of Public Information

Considering the views of Jehovah's Witnesses as adopted in the 1963 Resolution, it is shocking for some Jehovah's Witnesses to learn that the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc. applied to become an Associate to the United Nations Department of Public Information as an NGO in 1991. The application to associate was accepted and the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society became accredited as an Associate to the UN/DPI in early 1992. (The book, Jehovah's Witnesses--Proclaimers of God's Kingdom, published in 1993 by the Watchtower Society, says in its foreword that its "editors ... have endeavored to be objective and to present a candid history," but makes no mention of its then-current NGO status.) This relationship was maintained until October 9, 2001, when a formal request for disassociation was granted by the UN/DPI Committee on NGOs after an article was published in the British Guardian newspaper revealing the Watchtower Society's NGO status.

Reactions of Jehovah's Witnesses

The act of applying to associate to the UN/DPI constituted a breach and an overstepping of the agreement in the 1963 Resolution. The element of subordinate membership to a superior governmental organization inherent in an Associate membership to the UN/DPI creates a relationship that any one of Jehovah's Witnesses would be disciplined for maintaining.

Jehovah's Witnesses who believe the United Nations has no reason to lie about this matter or who have received letters from the Christian Congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses regarding the association recognize that it actually occurred. The vast majority of Jehovah's Witnesses either quickly dismiss the Association as accidental or challenge whether the relationship ever occurred.

In their responses regarding this issue, the Christian Congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses asserts that the nature of the relationship was that of registrant to registrar despite clear evidence that the relationship was one of voluntary Association.

Jimmy Swaggart and Sales Tax

In 1990, the Watchtower Society eliminated set prices for literature in some nations. Congregation members were told that this was to "simplify" matters, and few knew the change actually took place because Jimmy Swaggart lost cases in court. In the early 1980s, the State of California informed Jimmy Swaggart Ministries that tax was due for religious books and tapes sold in the state since 1974. Swaggart eventually paid the tax--$183,000.00--but sued for a refund. The case began moving toward the U.S. Supreme Court. February, 1989 U.S. Supreme Court ruled that it is illegal for Texas (and 14 other states) to exempt religious books from sales tax. Some states had been taxing religious books all along. June 22, 1989, the Watchtower Society filed an amicus curiae ("friend of the court") brief with U.S. Supreme Court in the Jimmy Swaggart case. This adds to the controversy because the Society has disfellowshipped people for just attending other churches. This also goes against the principle found at (Luke 20:24) regarding the paying of taxes. Additionally, a lot of poorer countries still have the old pay-first system in place which adds a burden to them while richer more well-protected countries don't have to pay.

Internet

Currently The Watchtower has warned it's followers not to look to the Internet for information about the organization or any matter that pertains to study of the bible. They have instructed all of their members not to set up sites (or enter chat rooms) to preach their message, stating that The Watchtower maintains a web site for that purpose. Official Web Site of Jehovah's Witnesses

Quotes.Watchtower.ca

A collection of online Watch Tower Society publication excerpts maintained by a current Jehovah's Witness devoted to collecting and preserving interesting and/or significant quotes from Witness source documents and references. The website has no connection to the website formerly at "quotes.watchtower.ca", or its owner, Peter Mosier, who was sued by the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society in October 2005 for the sum of US $100,000 for copyright infringement, trademark violations, "try to embarrass the Plaintiffs," and other tortuous acts. Without admitting guilt, Mr. Mosier elected to avoid the legal battle, due to legal fees that "could easily be up to $50,000 to $100,000 before ever getting in front of a judge" and court costs of $10,000 per day. Terms of Settlement (The mirror site has no connection to Mr. Mosier.) This website also contains a mirror of Mosier's previous website.

Other

1975

During the 1960s and early 1970s, many Witnesses were stimulated by articles in their literature C4 and further encouraged by speakers at their assemblies prior to 1975, to believe that Armageddon and Christ's thousand-year millennial reign would begin by 1975. Although the views of Armageddon and Christ's millennium beginning in 1975 were never fully or explicitly supported by the Watch Tower Society, many in the organizations' writing department, as well as several leading Witnesses, Elders, and presiding overseers in the organization, heavily suggested that Christ's millennial reign over earth would begin by 1975. One outstanding example is F.Franz expecting it for September 5 after sundown. While Witnesses have always been encouraged to increase the preaching work, and avoid secular life goals or careers, this emphasis was especially strong prior to 1975.

Some Witnesses gave up good jobs, notes C5 college, scholarships, and some imprudently sold their houses in the hopeful expectation that God's Kingdom would literally be established on earth in 1975 after the biblical Armageddon, encouraged by the Watch Tower Society: "Reports are heard of brothers selling their homes and property and planning to finish out the rest of their days in this old system in the pioneer service. Certainly this is a fine way to spend the short time remaining before the wicked world's end.-1 John 2:17." notes C6 It is worth noting that similar language persists in publications of Jehovah's Witnesses, who still hold that the time remaining in the present system is relatively short, and that having an active share in the preaching work is the best use of a believer's time. Some Jehovah's Witnesses irresponsibly ran up debt believing they would not to have to pay it back, and some unwisely spent their life savings believing that the 1975 date was a certain and unchangeable fact due to the many encouraging Watch Tower articles. C7 In spite of the Watch Tower Society's previous admonition that Witnesses should let nothing cause them to tire and give out (Watchtower, 15 August 1968, p. 501), there were many who left the organization (or became inactive) due to the disappointment of Armageddon not coming in 1975, although the majority remained. The large numbers leaving or becoming inactive were seen as baptisms continued at over 100,000 per year (around 200,000 in 1976). However, the organization still continued to lose more members than it gained for several years after 1975, until 1979 when numbers started to recover and increase again.

In 1980, the Society acknowledged some responsibility of the 1975 incident. "With the appearance of the book Life Everlasting-in Freedom of the Sons of God, and its comments as to how appropriate it would be for the millennial reign of Christ to parallel the seventh millennium of man's existence, considerable expectation was aroused regarding the year 1975. There were statements made then, and thereafter, stressing that this was only a possibility. Unfortunately, however, along with such cautionary information, there were other statements published that implied that such realization of hopes by that year was more of a probability than a mere possibility. It is to be regretted that these latter statements apparently overshadowed the cautionary ones and contributed to a build up of the expectation already initiated." — The Watchtower magazine, 15 March 1980 p.17

1914

Christ's presence (Greek: parousia) is considered to be his invisible rule from heaven and is believed to have begun in October of 1914. Witnesses believe that Jesus' prophecy recorded in Matthew 24 is being fulfilled since that time. They identify the same period with the 'last days' referred to by the Apostle Paul in 2 Timothy 3:1-5. It is taught that the outbreak of World War I in 1914 (which began a little over two months before the supposed prophesied October fulfilment of the beginning of Armageddon), as well as increases in other conflicts and natural disasters since then, are proof that world conditions have worsened since the alleged expulsion of Satan from heaven in 1914.

The date 1914 is based on the destruction of Jerusalem by the Babylonians in 607 BC. All non-Witness scholars place that destruction within a year of 587 BC, twenty years later. However, the Witnesses believe that the year 607 BC is critical in two other prophecies, and that the representation of God-appointed rulership (as opposed to appointees by the invading Babylonians) effectively ceased in that year by the breach of the walls of Jerusalem in 607 BC.

New World Translation Bible

See article on New World Translation

Jehovah as the name of God

See article on Jehovah

Founder Pastor Charles Taze Russell

See article on Pastor Charles Taze Russell

Former Governing Body Member Ray Franz

See article on Ray Franz

Former President Dwight D. Eisenhower and his Jehovah's Witness Background

See article on Dwight D. Eisenhower

References

reexamine.org This website also contains a mirror of Mosier's previous website.
607: The Shaky Foundation of the 1914-Doctrine An essay discussing the Witnesses' claim the Jerusalem was destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar in 607 BC from both a Biblical and a historical perspective. Their belief that the "last days" started in 1914 is based on their 607 BC date.
Discussion of Historical Evidence Discussion of the evidence that Jerusalem was destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar and the Neo-Babylonians in 587/6 BC, not 607 BC as claimed by the Witnesses, the date they use as the basis for their belief that the "last days" started in 1914.
Free minds - Detailed discussions about Jehovah's Witnesses' doctrines, history, and claims from a critical perspective.
Associated Jehovah's Witnesses for Reform on Blood A large site that promotes changes to the Watch Tower Society's blood doctrine. Many original Watch Tower Society source documents and references.
Jehovah's-Witness.com A very large archived message board community discussing Jehovah's Witnesses and their Watch Tower organization.
Silent lambs - For those Jehovah's Witnesses who claim they were victims of sexual molestation within their religious organization. Criticism of the Watch Tower organisation, and its controversial policies of how it deals with child molestation within the organization.
Jehovahs-Witness.org | LambsRoar.org Abuse Survivor Forums Dedicated to the support and healing of Abuse Victims - Survivors worldwide.
The Watch Tower's United Nations Controversy - Discusses the relationship of the Watch Tower Society with the United Nations, believed by JWs to be the "Image of the wild beast" of Revelation"
Watchtower News A site that lists the most current news items involving Jehovah's Witnesses or the Watch Tower organization
Watchtower Information Service Provides information on the Watchtower Society and Jehovah's Witnesses. Everyone can partake in online discussion of the presented articles.
Historical Idealism and Jehovah's Witnesses Documents the historical development of Jehovah's Witness chronology and the idealized history of it by the Watchtower Society
Biography of J.F. Rutherford President of the Watch Tower Society from 1917-1942
JW Files-Research on Jehovah's Witnesses A large researched site headed by subject grouping, with many original scans from the Watch Tower Society's literature, and discussing many important doctrinal and ethical issues from a critical perspective.
Rick A. Ross Institute of New Jersey - Information The Rick A. Ross Institute has gathered about Jehovah's Witnesses
JWDOM.org - A Large Collection of Articles Related to the Beliefs, History and Practices of the Watchtower & the Jehovah's Witnesses.
JWForum.com A medium size message board community discussing Jehovah's Witnesses and their Watch Tower organization.
e-Jehovah's Witnesses.com A Discussion Board for current and former Jehovah's Witnesses that discusses perceived inconsistencies and alleged problems associated with the Watchtower organization's teachings and policies.
My letter to the Governing Body Letter written by a Witness to the Governing Body detailing and asking clarification about the numerous proofs that Jerusalem was destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar in 587/6 BC, not 607 BC as claimed by the Witnesses, 607 BC being the date they use as the basis for their belief that the "last days" started in 1914.
Time and Prophecy: A Harmony of Time Prophecy with History and Archaeology A detailed look at the archaeological evidence that Jerusalem must have been destroyed in 587/6 BC, in direct contradiction to the Witness claim that it happened in 607 BC, from which they derive that the "last days" started in 1914. Among many other things, it includes a table on page 25 (page 23 if looking at the page numbers on the PDF itself) counting the dated commercial tablets found from just one city (Sippar) for every year of every Neo-Babylonian king, which coincides perfectly with all the other evidence for the date of the destruction (and even with some Watchtower quotes) and also directly contradicts the Witnesses' claim.

Robinson, B.A. (2003), "Jehovah's Witnesses and child sex abuse", ReligiousTolerance.org. Retrieved 29 July 2005.
Vleugel, Rado, "Jehovah's Witnesses & (sexual) child abuse", watchtowerinformationservice.org. Retrieved 29 July 2005.
"Child Abuse Among JWs", Investigator Magazine, Volume 93.
Tubbs, Sharon (22 August 2002), "Spiritual shunning", St. Petersburg Times.
U.S. Department of Justice (September, 2004) "A National Protocol for Sexual Assault Medical Forensic Examinations (Adults/Adolescents)" (PDF format)
2001 Christianity Today article by Corrie Cutrer

External links

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