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On 30 June 2013, on the first anniversary of the election of President Mohamed Morsi, hundreds of thousands of protesters across Egypt demanded the immediate resignation of the president due to political, economic and social issues that escalated in his term. On 30 June, the following day, the number of demonstrators had dramatically increased—more than two million anti-Morsi protesters took to the streets to hold mass demonstrations and marches. In Cairo, tens of thousands of demonstrators gathered in Tahrir Square and outside the presidential palace, while other demonstrations were held in the cities of Alexandria, Port Said and Suez. The demonstrations, which had been largely peaceful, turned violent when five anti-Morsi protesters were killed in separate clashes and shootings. Demonstrations continued into the early hours of 1 July. At the same time, supporters of Morsi staged a rally in Nasr City, a district of Cairo.

On the morning of 1 July, anti-Morsi protesters ransacked the national headquarters of the Muslim Brotherhood in Cairo. Protesters threw objects at windows and looted the building, making off with office equipment and documents. The health ministry confirmed the deaths of eight people who had been killed in clashes around the headquarters in Mokattam.

Hours later, the Egyptian Armed Forces issued a 48-hour ultimatum which gave the country's political parties until 3 July to meet the demands of the Egyptian people. The Egyptian military also threatened to intervene if the dispute is not resolved by then.

The mass demonstrations were planned by Tamarod, a grassroots movement that claims it has collected more than 22 million signatures from a petition calling for Morsi to step down as president. Tamarod was founded in April 2013 by the members of the Egyptian Movement for Change, which was formed in 2004 to push for political reform under the rule of former president Hosni Mubarak. In February 2011, Mubarak was ousted after 18 days of mass demonstrations, thus ending his 29-year rule of Egypt.

See also

• 2012–13 Egyptian protests

References

1. Hendawi, Hamza; Macdonald, Alastair (30 June 2013). "Egypt protests: Thousands gather at Tahrir Square to demand Morsi's ouster". AP via Toronto Star. Retrieved 30 June 2013. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
2. Spencer, Richard (1 July 2013). "Egypt protests: Army issues 48-hour ultimatum for agreement amid clashes". The Daily Telegraph. Cairo. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
3. ^ "Egypt crisis: Mass protests over Morsi grip cities". BBC News. 1 July 2013. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
4. "Egypt protesters storm Muslim Brotherhood headquarters". BBC News. 1 July 2013. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
5. Abdelaziz, Salma (1 July 2013). "Egyptian military issues warning over protests". CNN. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
6. "Tahrir Square protesters show President Mursi the 'red card'". Al Arabiya. 30 June 2013. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
7. ^ "Profile: Egypt's Tamarod protest movement". BBC News. 1 July 2013. Retrieved 1 July 2013.

• Current events from July 2013
• 2011–2012 Egyptian revolution
• 2013 in Egypt
• Arab Spring
• Protests in Egypt
• Protest-related deaths