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Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (Multiplex PCR) is a modification of polymerase chain reaction in order to rapidly detect deletions or duplications in a large gene. This process amplifies genomic DNA samples using multiple primers and a temperature-mediated DNA polymerase in a thermal cycler. Multiplex-PCR was first described in 1988 as a method to detect deletions in the dystrophin gene. It has also been used with the steroid sulfatase gene. In 2008, multiplex-PCR was used for analysis of microsatellites and SNPs.

Multiplex-PCR consists of multiple primer sets within a single PCR mixture to produce amplicons of varying sizes that are specific to different DNA sequences. By targeting multiple genes at once, additional information may be gained from a single test run that otherwise would require several times the reagents and more time to perform. Annealing temperatures for each of the primer sets must be optimized to work correctly within a single reaction, and amplicon sizes, i.e., their base pair length, should be different enough to form distinct bands when visualized by gel electrophoresis. Commercial multiplexing kits for PCR are available and used by many forensic laboratories to amplify degraded DNA samples.

Applications

Some of the applications of multiplex PCR include:
1. Pathogen Identification
2. High Throughput SNP Genotyping
3. Mutation Analysis
4. Gene Deletion Analysis
5. Template Quantitation
6. Linkage Analysis
7. RNA Detection
8. Forensic Studies
9. Diet Analysis

Software

PrimerPlex - Software for Multiplex PCR Primer design

uMelt Batch 1.5 - Software for Predicting Melting Curves for Multiplex PCR Products (sum of curves)

References

1. "Deletion screening of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy locus via multiplex DNA amplification". Nucleic Acids Research. 16 (23): 11141–11156. 1988. doi:10.1093/nar/16.23.11141. PMC 339001. PMID 3205741. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)
2. "Screening for steroid sulfatase (STS) gene deletions by multiplex DNA amplification". Human Genetics. 84 (6): 571–573. 1990. doi:10.1007/BF00210812. PMID 2338343. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)
3. Hayden MJ, Nguyen TM, Waterman A, Chalmers KJ (2008). "Multiplex-ready PCR: a new method for multiplexed SSR and SNP genotyping". BMC Genomics. 9: 80. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-9-80. PMC 2275739. PMID 18282271.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

• Molecular biology
• Laboratory techniques
• Amplifiers
• Polymerase chain reaction