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48°34′N 39°18′E / 48.567°N 39.300°E / 48.567; 39.300

Luhansk (Луганськ)Lugansk (Луганск)
FlagCoat of arms
Map of Ukraine with Lugansk highlighted.
Country Oblast	Ukraine Luhansk Oblast Lugansk People's Republic
Founded	1795
Government
• Mayor	Serhiy Ivanovych Kravchenko
Area
• Total	257 km (99 sq mi)
Elevation	105 m (344 ft)
Population
• Total	425,848
• Density	1,802/km (4,670/sq mi)
Postal code	91000
Area code	+380 642
Sister cities	Cardiff Lublin Pernik Székesfehérvár Saint-Étienne Daqing
Website	http://gorod.lugansk.ua/

Luhansk (Template:Lang-uk, Template:IPA-uk) or Lugansk (Russian: Луга́нск, IPA: [lʊˈgansk]), formerly known as Voroshilovgrad, is the administrative center of Luhansk Oblast in easternmost Ukraine. The city itself is also designated as its own separate municipality within the oblast. The current estimated population is around 425,848 (as of 2013).

History

The region was largely depopulated after the Mongol-Tatar slave raids and was a part of "Wild Fields".

The city traces its history to 1795, when the British industrialist Charles Gascoigne founded a metal factory there. Thus began an industry that still thrives there as of 2014. Luhansk achieved the status of city in 1882. Located in the Donets Basin, Lugansk developed into an important industrial center of Eastern Europe, particularly as a home to the major locomotive-building company Luhanskteplovoz. The city was occupied by Nazi Germany between July 14, 1942 and February 14, 1943.

On November 5, 1935, the city was renamed Voroshilovgrad (Template:Lang-ru/Template:Lang-uk) in honour of Soviet military commander and politician Kliment Voroshilov. On March 5, 1958, with the call of Khrushchev not to give names of living people to cities, the old name was reinstated. On January 5, 1970, after Voroshilov died, the name was changed again to Voroshilovgrad. Finally, on May 4, 1990, a decree of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR gave the city back its original name.

During the 2014 protests in Eastern Ukraine, separatists seized governmental buildings in the region proclaiming the Lugansk People's Republic. An independence referendum was held on May 11, 2014. The legitimacy of the referendums was not recognized by mosts governments. However, Lugansk People's Republic was recognized by South Ossetia. Ukraine does not recognize the referendum, while the EU and US said the polls were illegal.

On 25 June 2014, Luhansk is officially pronounced as the capital of the Lugansk People Republic by the government of the Lugansk People's Republic.

In August 2014, government forces completely surrounded rebel-held Luhansk. Heavy shelling may have caused civilian casualties in Lugansk. On August 17, Ukrainian soldiers entered rebel-controlled Luhansk and gained control over a police station. In late August the sepratistss forced the ukrainian milatary out of the city pushing them north. Life slowly returned to normal in the city

Demographics

Native language as of the Ukrainian Census of 2001:

• Russian 85.3%
• Ukrainian 13.7%
• Armenian 0.2%
• Belarusian 0.1%

Sport

Luhansk is home to Zorya Luhansk which now plays in the Ukrainian Premier League annual football championship and plays at the Avanhard Stadium. The club won the 1972 Soviet Top League.

The other football team was Dynamo Luhansk.

Merheleva Ridge

On September 7, 2006, archaeologists in Ukraine announced that an ancient structure had been discovered near Luhansk, which the press reported as a pyramid antedating those in Egypt by at least 300 years. The stone foundations of the structure were said to resemble Aztec and Mayan pyramids in Mesoamerica. It was later concluded that the site in question was not a pyramid but was still of great interest.

Notable people

• Mykola Shmatko (born 1943), sculptor, professor and painter.
• Serhiy Bubka (born 1963), Soviet and Ukrainian pole vaulter, former World Record holder, and Olympic Champion
• Vasyliy Bubka (born 1960), Soviet and Ukrainian pole vaulter
• Volodymyr Dahl (1801–1872), Russian lexicographer
• Fedir Emelianenko (born 1976), a mixed martial arts champion
• Andriy Serdinov (born 1982), Ukrainian swimmer
• Klyment Voroshylov (1881–1969), Soviet military commander
• Mikhail Matusovsky (1915–1990), Soviet poet, songwriter
• Oleksandr Zavarov (born 1961), Soviet and Ukrainian football player and coach
• Valeriy Brumel (1942–2003), Soviet olympic champion
• Serhiy Semak, Russian football player
• Viktor Onopko, Russian football player
• Yelizaveta Bryzhina (Born 1989), Sprinter, Bronze Medal 4x100m Relay London 2012

Climate

International relations

Twin towns – Sister cities

Luhansk is twinned with:

• Cardiff, United Kingdom
• Lublin, Poland
• Székesfehérvár, Hungary
• Daqing, China

See also

• East Ukraine Volodymyr Dahl National University
• Lugansk Airlines
• Luhansk Airport
• Lugansk State Medical University
• Luhanskteplovoz
• University of Luhansk

References

1. "Székesfehérvár MJV - Önkormányzat - Partnervárosok névsora". Onkormanyzat.szekesfehervar.hu. Retrieved 2011-09-16.
2. Mikhail Kizilov. "Slave Trade in the Early Modern Crimea From the Perspective of Christian, Muslim, and Jewish Sources". Oxford University.
3. "ВОЕННАЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРА -[ Биографии ]- Хрущёв С.Н. Хрущёв". Militera.lib.ru. Retrieved 2011-09-16.
4. "Записки из Якирова Посада - Луганск-Ворошиловград-Луганск". Shusek.livejournal.com. 2009-11-02. Retrieved 2011-09-16.
5. "Ukraine's Eastern Region Of Luhansk May Now Hold Referendum On Joining Russia". Business Insider. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
6. "South Ossetia Recogntition for Donetsk and Lughansk Republics". Retrieved 23 Nov 2014.
7. BBC News 12 May 2014
8. "ЗАКОН "О системе исполнительных органов государственной власти Луганской Народной Республики"". Retrieved 23 Nov 2014.
9. "East Ukraine city of Luhansk dying under siege, residents say". The Denver Post. 5 August 2014.
10. "In Shell-Torn Luhansk, Food and Water Is Scarce: 'Welcome to Hell!'". Newsweek. 15 August 2014.
11. "Ukraine troops claim breakthrough in battle for rebel city Luhansk". The Guardian. Reuters. 17 August 2014. Retrieved 17 August 2014.
13. "Pogoda.ru.net" (in Russian). May 2011. Retrieved 28 June 2012.
14. "Home page of Cardiff Council – Cardiff's twin cities". Cardiff Council. 15 June 2010. Retrieved 10 August 2010.
15. "Miasta Partnerskie Lublina". Urząd Miasta Lublin (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2013-01-16. Retrieved 2013-08-07. {{cite web}}: External link in |work= (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
16. Bozsoki, Agnes. "Partnervárosok Névsora Partner és Testvérvárosok Névsora". City of Székesfehérvár (in Hungarian). Archived from the original on 2012-12-08. Retrieved 2013-08-05. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
17. "大庆市与乌克兰卢甘斯克市的往来纪实". 大庆市外事侨务网站.

External links

• [REDACTED] Media related to Luhansk at Wikimedia Commons
• Topographic map 1:100 000
• Historic images of Luhansk
• The sightseeings of Luhansk
• Marble sculpture of King of marble of Nicolai Shmatko.

• Luhansk
• Cities in Luhansk Oblast
• Yekaterinoslav Governorate
• Populated places established in 1795
• Places of the War in Donbass