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Jathedar of Akal Takht
ਜਥੇਦਾਰ ਅਕਾਲ ਤਖ਼ਤ
Flag of Akal Takht
Incumbent Jagtar Singh Hawara since 10 November 2015
Style	Sardar Bhai Sahib Honorable Jathedar (Formal) Singh Sahib (Formal)
Residence	Tihar Jail, New Delhi, India
Appointer	Sarbat Khalsa
Term length	Dependent on Sikh Nation
Inaugural holder	Bhai Gurdas as Custodian of Akal Takht
Formation	17th Century
Website	Free Akal Takht

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The Jathedar of Akal Takht (Template:Lang-pa), is the appointed head of Akal Takht and head of Sikh Nation of the world. Sikh clergy consists of five Jathedars, one each from five Takhts.

Originally known as Akal Bunga, the building directly opposite the Darbar Sahib was built by Guru Hargobind as a place of justice and consideration of temporal issues; the highest seat of earthly authority of the Khalsa (the collective body of the Sikhs) and the place of the Jathedar, the highest spokesman of the Sikh Nation.

Selection process

During the 18th and 19th century, Jathedars of Akal Takht were appointed by the Sarbat Khalsa, a biannual deliberative assembly of the entire Khalsa held at Amritsar, Panjab.

From 1920 to 2008, Jathedars of Akal Takht were appointed by Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC), an elected body of the Sikhs sometimes called "Parliament of Sikhs".

In November 2015, the Sikh diaspora appointed Jathedars of Akal Takht through the traditional Sarbat Khalsa at the Chabba village on the outskirts of Amritsar, Panjab. Some 100,000 to 500,000 Sikhs attended the event from around the world. A few Sikh organizations did not attend and refused to recognize the resolutions of the event. The congregation of Sarbat Khalsa 2015 dismissed the SGPC Jathedar of Akal Takht and appointed two interim Jathedars of Akal Takht.

Controversy

Giani Arur Singh Naushera

In 1919, Sarbrah of Akal Takht, Giani Arur Singh Naushera honored General Michael O'Dwyer, responsible for the massacre of Jallianwala Bagh. Arur Singh was the grandfather of Sikh politician Simranjit Singh Mann. In 2002, Simranjit Singh Mann apologized for the act of his grandfather and stated, "seeking apology would give peace to his nana's soul."

Giani Gurbachan Singh

On December 5, 2011, Jathedars of all five Takhts including Jathedar of Akal Takht, Giani Gurbachan Singh awarded Panth Rattan Fakhr-e-Quam (literally "Jewel of the community, pride of the nation") to Chief Minister of Punjab, Parkash Singh Badal. He was awarded this title at Akal Takht for his service towards the Sikh Nation by creating many memorials pertaining to Sikhi such as Virasat-e-Khalsa, besides being imprisoned for long time and having faced atrocities during various Akali movements. This award was retracted by the Sikh Nation at Sarbat Khalsa on November 10, 2015 due to allegations of Civil Rights Violations and failure to recognize the oppression faced by the Sikhs of Panjab.

In October 2015, the Panj Pyare of Akal Takht (Bhai Satnam Singh Khanda, Bhai Mangal Singh, Bhai Tarlok Singh, Bhai Satnam Singh and Bhai Major Singh) issued a summon to the Jathedars of the five Takhats (Giani Gurbachan Singh, Giani Mal Singh, Giani Gurmukh Singh, Giani Iqbal Singh, Giani Ram Singh) to clarify their position on the pardoning of Gurmeet Ram Rahim Singh for imitation of the 10th Sikh Guru. After the Jathedars refused to recognize the summon, the Panj Pyare of Akal Takht directed the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC) to relieve the Jathedars from their duties. The SGPC ignored the Gurmata and suspended the Panj Pyare from Akal Takht.

On November 11, 2015, Giani Gurbachan Singh faced a large demonstration at the Akal Takht. The congregation interrupted his speech by shouting Sikh slogans.

List

Colour key
Sarbat Khalsa SGPC

No.		Name (Birth–Death)	Portrait	Assigned by	Term of office
Custodians of Akal Takht
style="background:Template:Independent politician/meta/color;"\|	1	Bhai Gurdas (1551–1636)		Guru Hargobind	1618	1636
style="background:Template:Independent politician/meta/color;"\|	2	Mani Singh (1644–1737)		Guru Gobind Singh	1721	24 June 1734
Jathedars of Akal Takht
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"\|	3	Darbara Singh (1644–1734)		Sarbat Khalsa	1722	1734
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"\|	4	Kapur Singh Virk (1697–1753)		Sarbat Khalsa	1737	1753
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"\|	5	Jassa Singh Ahluwalia (1718–1783)	File:Jassa Singh Ahluwalia.jpg	Sarbat Khalsa	1753	1783
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"\|	6	Phula Singh (1761–1823)		Sarbat Khalsa	1800	1823
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"\|	7	Hanuman Singh (1755–1845)		Sarbat Khalsa	1823	1846
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"\|	8	Prahlad Singh		Sarbat Khalsa	1846	Unknown
Sarbrah of Akal Takht
style="background:Template:Independent politician/meta/color;"\|	9	Arur Singh Naushera		East India Company	1919	1920
Jathedars of Akal Takht
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"\|	10	Teja Singh Bhuchar		Sarbat Khalsa	12 October 1920	1921
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	(11)	Teja Singh Akarpuri 1892-1975		SGPC	29 April 1921	13 October 1923
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	(12)	Udham Singh Nagoke (1894-1966)		SGPC	1923	1924
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	(13)	Acchar Singh (1893-1976)		SGPC	09 February 1924	10 January 1926
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	(12)	Udham Singh Nagoke (1894-1966)		SGPC	10 January 1926	short period
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	(11)	Teja Singh Akarpuri 1892-1975		SGPC	27 November 1926	21 January 1930
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	14	Didar Singh		SGPC	1925	short period
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	15	Jawaher Singh Mattu Bhaike		SGPC	1926	short period
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	16	Gurmukh Singh Musafir		SGPC	1931	1934
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	17	Wasakha Singh Dadehar (1877-1957)		SGPC	October 1934	December 1934
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	18	Mohan Singh Nagoke (1896-1969)		SGPC	1935	1952
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	19	Partap Singh (1904-1984)		SGPC	1952	1954
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	(13)	Acchar Singh (1893-1976)		SGPC	23 May 1955	08 November 1962
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	20	Mohan Singh Tur (1916-1979)		SGPC
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	21	Sadhu Singh Bhaura (1905-1984)		SGPC	1964	1980
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	22	Gurdial Singh Ajnoha (1927-1982)		SGPC	2 March 1980	1983
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	23	Kirpal Singh (1918-1993)		SGPC	1983	26 July 1980
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"\|	24	Jasbir Singh Rode		Sarbat Khalsa	9 March 1988	1989
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	25	Darshan Singh (born 1940)		SGPC	1989	1990
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	26	Manjit Singh		SGPC	1994	1997
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	27	Ranjit Singh		SGPC	1997	1999
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	28	Giani Puran Singh		SGPC	1999	2000
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	29	Joginder Singh Vadanti		SGPC	2000	2008
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	30	Gurbachan Singh (born 1948)		SGPC	06 August 2008	10 November 2015
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"\|	31	Jagtar Singh Hawara (born 1973)		Sarbat Khalsa	10 November 2015	Incumbent
Acting Jathedars of Akal Takht
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	1	Partap Singh (1904-1984)		SGPC	1938	1948
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	2	Kirpal Singh (1918-1993)		SGPC	1963	1965
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"\|	3	Gurdev Singh Kaunke (1949-1993)		Sarbat Khalsa	26 January 1986	1993
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"\|	4	Gurbachan Singh Manochahal (1954-1993)		Sarbat Khalsa	27 April 1986	26 January 1987
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"\|	5	Darshan Singh (born 1940)		SGPC	31 December 1986	9 March 1988
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"\|	6	Dhian Singh Mand		Sarbat Khalsa	10 November 2015	Incumbent

References

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