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Luzerne County
County
Topographical map of Luzerne County
Seal
Location within the U.S. state of Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 41°11′N 75°59′W / 41.18°N 75.99°W / 41.18; -75.99
Country	United States
State	Pennsylvania
Founded	September 25, 1786
Named for	Chevalier de la Luzerne
Seat	Wilkes-Barre
Largest city	Wilkes-Barre
Area
• Total	906 sq mi (2,350 km)
• Land	890 sq mi (2,300 km)
• Water	16 sq mi (40 km)  1.8%
Population
• Estimate	318,449
• Density	358/sq mi (138/km)
Time zone	UTC−5 (Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional districts	11th, 17th
Website	www.luzernecounty.org

Luzerne County is a county located in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the population was 320,918. It is the most populous county in Northeastern Pennsylvania. The county seat is Wilkes-Barre.

On September 25, 1786, Luzerne County was formed from part of Northumberland County. It was named after Chevalier de la Luzerne, French ambassador to the United States. The county gained prominence in the 19th and 20th centuries as an active anthracite coal mining region, drawing a large portion of its labor force from European immigrants.

Luzerne County is included in the Scranton–Wilkes-Barre–Hazleton Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

The Luzerne County Historical Society maintains the storehouse for the collective memory of Luzerne County and its environs. It records and interprets the history, traditions, events, people and cultures that have directed and molded life within the region.

18th century

• 1769: The Pennamite-Yankee War (or the Yankee-Pennamite Wars) began when settlers from Connecticut and Pennsylvania fought over land claims along the North Branch of the Susquehanna River in the present Wyoming Valley.
• July 1, 1778: During the Revolutionary War, Fort Jenkins (a patriot stockade in present-day West Pittston) was surrendered to the British (under Major John Butler). It was later burned to the ground. In 1928, a bridge connecting West Pittston and Pittston City was constructed and named in its honor.
• July 3, 1778: A force of British soldiers, led by John Butler, with the assistance of about 700 Indians, attacked and killed nearly 300 Wyoming Valley settlers. Today in the Borough of Wyoming, a monument marks the gravesite of the victims from the Battle of Wyoming.
• July 4, 1778: Fort Pittston (located in what is now Pittston City) surrendered to the British and some of it was partially destroyed. It was later restored and used until the end of the Revolutionary War.
• September 1778: Revenge for the Wyoming defeat was taken by American Colonel Thomas Hartley who, with 200 soldiers, burned nine to twelve Seneca, Delaware and Mingo villages along the Susquehanna River in northeast Pennsylvania, including Tioga and Chemung.
• September 11, 1780: Reports of Tory activity in the region caused Captain Daniel Klader and a platoon of 40 to 50 men from Northampton County, Pennsylvania, to investigate. Captain Klader's men made it as far north as present-day Conyngham, when they were ambushed by the Seneca nation and by the Tories. 18 of Klader's men were killed in what is known as the Sugarloaf Massacre.
• September 25, 1786: Luzerne County was formed from part of Northumberland County. It was named after Chevalier de la Luzerne, French ambassador to the United States.

19th century

• September 6, 1869: A mine fire killed 110 people in Avondale, an unincorporated community in Plymouth Township.
• June 28, 1896: The Newton Coal Company's Twin Shaft Mine in Pittston City caved-in and killed 58 miners.
• September 10, 1897: Sheriff James Martin formed a posse and fired on a group of unarmed miners in what is known today as the Lattimer massacre. Luzerne is infamous for being the last county whose sheriff legally formed a posse to restore order in a time of civil unrest.

20th century

• 1908 – 1912: The anthracite coal mining industry, and its extensive use of child labor in the early part of the 20th century, was one of the industries targeted by the National Child Labor Committee and its hired photographer, Lewis Hine. Many of Hine's subjects were photographed in the mines and coal fields in and around Pittston during this time. The impact of the Hine photographs led to the enactment of child labor laws across the country.
• 1915: A mine fire in Laurel Run, Pennsylvania, caused a section of the town to be relocated.
• June 5, 1919: An explosion at the Baltimore Colliery in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, killed 92 miners.
• 1930s – 1980s: Pittston City emerged as a national center for clothing manufacturing. Thousands of workers, mainly women, labored in many factories throughout the Greater Pittston area. One such woman was Susan Sebastianelli of Pittston Township. Most were members of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU) that gained higher wages, workplace health & safety improvements, and employee rights. The ILGWU was active in civic and political life throughout Pennsylvania.
• 1934: The right arm of Hughestown, Pennsylvania, resident, Harry Tompkins, was crushed by an Erie Railroad train. This resulted in the U.S. Supreme Court case, Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins, which laid the foundation for a large part of modern American civil procedure.
• January 22, 1959: The Knox Mine disaster in Port Griffith, Jenkins Township, claimed the lives of 12 people and essentially shut down the mining industry in Northeastern Pennsylvania.
• June 1972: Hurricane Agnes was responsible for massive flooding in and around Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.
• 1974–1989: Alleged ghost hauntings took place in the home of Jack and Janet Smurl in West Pittston. This resulted in the 1991 film The Haunted.
• September 25, 1982: George Banks kills 13 people in a shooting rampage in Wilkes-Barre and Jenkins Township.
• 1992: The opening scenes from the movie School Ties was filmed in West Pittston; it shows David Green, the hero of the movie (played by Brendan Fraser), hanging out with friends in the streets of the tiny town.

21st century

• May 21, 2000: A plane crash in Bear Creek Township, Pennsylvania, near the intersection of Bear Creek Boulevard (PA-Route 115) and the Northeast Extension of the Pennsylvania Turnpike killed the pilot as well as all 19 passengers.
• December 1, 2006: A tornado left a path of destruction approximately 15 miles (24 km) long (this included parts of Mountain Top).
• 2008: The Kids for Cash scandal resulted in federal convictions and sentences of juvenile court judges Mark Ciavarella and Michael Conahan.
• 2011: The Borough of Duryea received national attention for its role in the landmark Supreme Court case Borough of Duryea v. Guarnieri, in which the court stated that "a government employer's allegedly retaliatory actions against an employee do not give rise to liability under the Petition Clause unless the employee's petition relates to a matter of public concern."
• September 2011: Luzerne County witnessed historical flooding from Tropical Storm Lee. The Susquehanna River reached a record high of 42.6 feet (13 meters) in Wilkes-Barre. The river topped the 40.9-foot (12.5 meters) level in flooding caused by Hurricane Agnes in 1972. The Greater Pittston, Wilkes-Barre, and Nanticoke areas were hit the hardest.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 906 square miles (2,350 km), of which 890 square miles (2,300 km) is land and 16 square miles (41 km) (1.8%) is water. The Wyoming Valley is located in the north and mid part of the county. The valley is flat (at the Susquehanna Basin) and rises from 700 feet (210 m) to 2,000 feet (610 m) in some places. Bear Creek, on the eastern side of the valley, has a mean elevation of about 2,000 feet (610 m), while Pittston City, on the Susquehanna Basin, is about 700 feet (210 m). The Wyoming Valley (in Luzerne County) extends from Exeter Township and Pittston Township to Nanticoke and Shickshinny. Pittston City, West Pittston Borough, Wyoming Borough, Kingston Borough, and Wilkes-Barre City all make up the Susquehanna Basin of the Wyoming Valley. Greater Pittston makes up the northeastern region of the county. The county is crossed by a series of east-to-west mountains. The Susquehanna River drains most of the county while the Lehigh River drains some eastern and southeastern portions. The Lehigh forms part of Luzerne County's southeastern border.

Luzerne County consists of several urban areas. The first is a contiguous quilt-work of former anthracite coal mining communities (consisting of Pittston, Wilkes-Barre, and Nanticoke). It is located in the northeastern and central part of the county. The second is Hazleton and it is located in the southern portion of the county. Other smaller urban areas (such as Dallas) are scattered throughout the region. Small farming communities can be found outside of the urban centers.

Adjacent counties

• Wyoming County (north)
• Lackawanna County (northeast)
• Monroe County (east)
• Carbon County (southeast)
• Schuylkill County (south)
• Columbia County (west)
• Sullivan County (northwest)

Major Highways

• I-80
• I-81
• [REDACTED] I-476 / Penna Turnpike NE Extension
• US 6
• US 11
• PA 115
• PA 309

Airports

• Wilkes-Barre/Scranton International Airport
• Wilkes-Barre Wyoming Valley Airport
• Hazleton Municipal Airport

Demographics

As of the 2010 census, the county was 90.7% White, 3.4% Black or African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.0% Asian, 3.3% from other races, and 1.5% were of two or more races. 6.7% of the population was of Hispanic or Latino ancestry.

According to the census of 2000, there were 319,250 people, 130,687 households, and 84,293 families residing in the county. The population density was 358 people per square mile (138/km). There were 144,686 housing units at an average density of 162 per square mile (63/km). The racial makeup of the county was 96.63% White, 1.69% Black or African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.58% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.43% from other races, and 0.57% from two or more races. 1.16% of the population were Hispanic or Latino. 22.2% were of Polish, 15.6% Italian, 13.8% Irish, 12.1% German and 5.3% Slovak ancestry according to the 2000 census.

There were 130,687 households, of which 26.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them. 48.80% were married couples living together. 11.50% had a female householder with no husband present. 35.50% were non-families. 31.30% of all households were made up of individuals. 16% had someone living alone (who was 65 years of age or older). The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the county, the population consisted of 21% under the age of 18, 8.10% from 18 to 24, 27.20% from 25 to 44, 24% from 45 to 64, and 19.70% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 93 males. For every 100 females (age 18 and over), there were 89.50 males.

Luzerne County is the only county in the United States with a plurality of citizens reporting Polish as their primary ancestry; the majority of Pennsylvanians report German or Pennsylvania Dutch.

Government

County Council

The Luzerne County Council is the governing body of the county. It was established on November 2, 2010, when voters adopted a home rule charter by a margin of 49,343 to 40,394. This move abolished the previous county board of commissioners. The following year (in 2011), the first general election for the new assembly was held. The first council members were sworn in on January 2, 2012.

There are eleven members on the assembly. The chairperson is the highest ranking officer on the council. When the group is not in session, the officer's duties often include acting as its head, its representative to the outside world and its spokesperson. The current chairperson is Linda Houck. The following members have been duly elected to the county council by the voters of Luzerne County.

List of Chairpersons

Other county officials

• Controller: Michelle Bednar
• Manager: C. David Pedri
• Director of Human Resources: Angela Gavlick
• District Attorney: Stefanie J. Salavantis
• Chief Public Defender: Steven M. Greenwald
• Sheriff: Brian M. Szumski

Politics

As of November 2008, there are 187,849 registered voters in Luzerne County.

• Democratic: 111,317 (59.26%)
• Republican: 61,085 (32.52%)
• Other Parties: 15,447 (8.22%)

The county is a bellwether of the state having voted for the presidential candidate who carried Pennsylvania in every election since 1960. While the Democratic Party has been historically dominant in county-level politics, on the statewide and national levels Luzerne County leans toward the Democratic Party only slightly. In 2000, Democrat Al Gore won 52% of the vote and Republican George W. Bush won 44%. In 2004, it was much closer with Democrat John Kerry winning 51% to Republican George Bush's 48%. In 2006, both Democrats (Governor Ed Rendell and now Senator Bob Casey Jr.) won 67.5% and 60.6% of the vote in Luzerne County. In 2008, Barack Obama received 53% of the county vote to 45% for John McCain. Four years later, in 2012, Obama carried the county again.

In 2016, Donald Trump won the county with 58% of the vote, the largest margin since President Nixon in 1972. It was the first time a Republican presidential candidate carried the county since 1988.

United States Senate

• Bob Casey, D
• Pat Toomey, R

United States House of Representatives

• Lou Barletta, R, Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district
• Matthew Cartwright, D, Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district

State Senate

• John Yudichak, D, Pennsylvania's 14th Senatorial District
• Lisa Baker, R, Pennsylvania's 20th Senatorial District
• John Blake, D, Pennsylvania's 22nd Senatorial District
• John Gordner, R, Pennsylvania's 27th Senatorial District

State House of Representatives

• Tarah Toohil, R, Pennsylvania's 116th Representative District
• Karen Boback, R, Pennsylvania's 117th Representative District
• Michael B. Carroll, D, Pennsylvania's 118th Representative District
• Gerald Mullery, D, Pennsylvania's 119th Representative District
• Aaron Kaufer, R, Pennsylvania's 120th Representative District
• Eddie Day Pashinski, D, Pennsylvania's 121st Representative District

Education

Public school districts

• Berwick Area School District (also in Columbia County)
• Crestwood School District
• Dallas School District
• Greater Nanticoke Area School District
• Hanover Area School District
• Hazleton Area School District (also in Carbon and Schuylkill Counties)
• Lake-Lehman School District (also in Wyoming County)
• Northwest Area School District
• Pittston Area School District
• Wilkes-Barre Area School District
• Wyoming Area School District (also in Wyoming County)
• Wyoming Valley West School District

Charter schools

• Bear Creek Community Charter School

Public vocational technical schools

• West Side Area Vocational Technical School

Private schools

• Dallas Township School
• Graham Academy
• Holy Cross High School (Lackawanna County but serves Luzerne county residents)
• Holy Redeemer High School
• Jenny Lynn Ferraro Academy
• Milford E Barnes Junior School
• MMI Preparatory School
• New Story School
• Wilkes Barre Academy
• Wyoming Seminary

Colleges and universities

• Luzerne County Community College
• King's College
• Misericordia University
• Penn State Hazleton
• Penn State Wilkes-Barre
• Wilkes University

Libraries

The Luzerne County Library System includes the following locations:

• Back Mountain Memorial Library, Back Mountain, Pennsylvania
• Hazleton Area Public Library, Hazleton, Pennsylvania
• Hoyt Library, Kingston, Pennsylvania
• Marian Sutherland Kirby Library, Mountaintop, Pennsylvania
• Mill Memorial Library, Nanticoke, Pennsylvania
• Osterhout Free Library, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania
• Pittston Memorial Library, Pittston, Pennsylvania
• Plymouth Public Library, Plymouth, Pennsylvania
• West Pittston Library, West Pittston, Pennsylvania
• Wyoming Free Library, Wyoming, Pennsylvania

Recreation

There are four Pennsylvania state parks in Luzerne County:

• Frances Slocum State Park (northern Luzerne County)
• Lehigh Gorge State Park (eastern Luzerne County)
• Nescopeck State Park (southern Luzerne County)
• Ricketts Glen State Park (western Luzerne County)

Other recreation

• Susquehanna Warrior Trail
• Moon Lake Park (northern Luzerne County)

Communities

Luzerne County contains the second highest number of independently governing municipalities in the state of Pennsylvania, with 76; only Allegheny County has more. Under Pennsylvania law, there are four types of incorporated municipalities: cities, boroughs, townships, and, in the case of Bloomsburg, towns. The following cities, boroughs and townships are located in Luzerne County:

Cities

• Hazleton
• Nanticoke
• Pittston
• Wilkes-Barre (county seat)

Boroughs

• Ashley
• Avoca
• Bear Creek Village
• Conyngham
• Courtdale
• Dallas
• Dupont
• Duryea
• Edwardsville
• Exeter
• Forty Fort
• Freeland
• Harveys Lake
• Hughestown
• Jeddo
• Kingston
• Laflin
• Larksville
• Laurel Run
• Luzerne
• Nescopeck
• New Columbus
• Nuangola
• Penn Lake Park
• Plymouth
• Pringle
• Shickshinny
• Sugar Notch
• Swoyersville
• Warrior Run
• West Hazleton
• West Pittston
• West Wyoming
• White Haven
• Wyoming
• Yatesville

Townships

• Bear Creek
• Black Creek
• Buck
• Butler
• Conyngham
• Dallas
• Dennison
• Dorrance
• Exeter
• Fairmount
• Fairview
• Foster
• Franklin
• Hanover
• Hazle
• Hollenback
• Hunlock
• Huntington
• Jackson
• Jenkins
• Kingston
• Lake
• Lehman
• Nescopeck
• Newport
• Pittston
• Plains
• Plymouth
• Rice
• Ross
• Salem
• Slocum
• Sugarloaf
• Union
• Wilkes-Barre
• Wright

Census-designated places

Census-designated places are geographical areas designated by the U.S. Census Bureau for the purposes of compiling demographic data. They are not actual jurisdictions under Pennsylvania law.

• Beech Mountain Lakes
• Browntown
• Chase
• East Berwick
• Georgetown
• Glen Lyon
• Harleigh
• Hickory Hills
• Hilldale
• Hudson
• Inkerman
• Lattimer
• Mocanaqua
• Mountain Top
• Nuremberg
• Pardeesville
• Pikes Creek
• Plains
• Shavertown
• Sheatown
• Silkworth
• Trucksville
• Upper Exeter
• Wanamie
• West Nanticoke
• Weston

Other places

• Back Mountain
• Breslau
• Drums
• Glen Summit Springs
• Greater Pittston
• Japan
• Kis-Lyn
• Koonsville
• Korn Krest
• Kunkle
• Mossville
• Mountain Grove
• Old Boston
• Port Griffith
• Suscon
• Sweet Valley
• Sybertsville
• Tomhicken
• Wapwallopen
• Waterton
• Zenith

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Luzerne County.

† county seat

Notable people

• Mary Lucy Dosh (1839–1861), member of the Sisters of Nazareth and volunteer nurse in the American Civil War

See also

• Luzerne County Transportation Authority
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania
• Pennamite-Yankee War
• USS Luzerne County (LST-902)

References

1. ^ "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 17, 2013.
2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
3. Luzerne County Historical Society
4. "Twin Shaft Disaster Marker". Hmdb.org. August 19, 2008. Retrieved July 21, 2009.
5. Pittston, PA Twin Shaft Mine Cave In, June 1896
6. Mandatory Evacuation of Wyoming Valley by 4 p.m., Times-Leader, September 8, 2011
7. Eckert, Paul (September 9, 2011). "UPDATE 3-Pennsylvania hit by huge flooding, towns submerged". Reuters.
8. Luzerne officials issue mandatory evacuation in footprint of Agnes flood, Times Tribune, September 8, 2011
9. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
10. "County Totals Dataset: Population, Population Change and Estimated Components of Population Change: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
11. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
12. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
13. Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 24, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
14. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
15. Census data, USA Today
16. US Census Bureau. "2011 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates." American FactFinder <http://factfinder2.census.gov>.
17. Voters say 'yes' to home rule - News. Standard Speaker (2010-11-03). Retrieved on 2013-07-23.
18. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7UoGiwHEvpA
19. http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/
20. Current voter statistics, Website of Pennsylvania Department of State
21. Pennsylvania Department of Education (2011). "Licensed, Private Academic Schools in Pennsylvania".
22. Susquehanna Warrior Trail, PA - Google Maps. Maps.google.com (1970-01-01). Retrieved on 2013-07-23.
23. "Pennsylvania Municipalities Information". Pamunicipalitiesinfo.com. Retrieved August 16, 2012.
24. http://www.census.gov/2010census/

External links

• Official Luzerne County website
• "Luzerne County Library System". Archived from the original on February 12, 2008.
• Tournepa.com: Luzerne County Convention and Visitors Bureau
• The Luzerne Foundation — the county's Community Foundation.
• Luzerne County Community College website

v t e Places adjacent to Luzerne County, Pennsylvania
Sullivan County Wyoming County Lackawanna County Columbia County Luzerne County, Pennsylvania Monroe County Schuylkill County Carbon County

v t e Municipalities and communities of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States
County seat: Wilkes-Barre
Cities	Hazleton Nanticoke Pittston Wilkes-Barre
Boroughs	Ashley Avoca Bear Creek Village Conyngham Courtdale Dallas Dupont Duryea Edwardsville Exeter Forty Fort Freeland Harveys Lake Hughestown Jeddo Kingston Laflin Larksville Laurel Run Luzerne Nescopeck New Columbus Nuangola Penn Lake Park Plymouth Pringle Shickshinny Sugar Notch Swoyersville Warrior Run West Hazleton West Pittston West Wyoming White Haven Wyoming Yatesville
Townships	Bear Creek Black Creek Buck Butler Conyngham Dallas Dennison Dorrance Exeter Fairmount Fairview Foster Franklin Hanover Hazle Hollenback Hunlock Huntington Jackson Jenkins Kingston Lake Lehman Nescopeck Newport Pittston Plains Plymouth Rice Ross Salem Slocum Sugarloaf Union Wilkes-Barre Wright
CDPs	Beech Mountain Lakes Browntown Chase East Berwick Georgetown Glen Lyon Harleigh Hickory Hills Hilldale Hudson Inkerman Lattimer Misericordia University Mocanaqua Mountain Top Nuremberg‡ Pardeesville Pikes Creek Plains Shavertown Sheatown Silkworth Trucksville Upper Exeter Wanamie West Nanticoke Weston
Unincorporated communities	Alden Back Mountain Beach Haven Breslau Cambra Cranberry Drifton Drums Ebervale Glen Summit Springs Harveyville Humboldt Hunlock Creek Huntington Mills Japan Jeanesville Koonsville Korn Krest Kunkle Lehman Milnesville Moosehead Mossville Mountain Grove Old Boston Port Griffith Rock Glen Saint Johns Sandy Run Suscon Sweet Valley Sybertsville Tomhicken Wapwallopen Waterton Zenith
Footnotes	‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
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41°11′N 75°59′W / 41.18°N 75.99°W / 41.18; -75.99

• Pennsylvania counties
• Luzerne County, Pennsylvania
• Counties of Appalachia
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• Populated places established in 1786
• Anthracite Coal Region of Pennsylvania
• Polish-American culture in Pennsylvania