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Gulbarga District (Kannada ಗುಲ್ಬರ್ಗ) is situated between 76°.04' and 77°.42 east longitude, and 16°.12' and 17°.46' north latitude, covering an area of 16,224 square kilometres. The population of the district is 2.5 million (25 lakh). The district comprises of 10 taluks. The climate of the district is generally dry and healthy with temperature ranging from 5ºc in the winter to 45ºc in the summer, and an annual rainfall of about 750 mm.
The entire district is situated in Deccan Plateau and the general elevation ranges from 300 to 750 meters above mean sea level. Two main rivers, Krishna and Bhima, flow in the district. Black soil is predominant soil type in the district. The district has a large number of tanks which, in addition to the rivers, irrigate the land. The Upper Krishna Project is major irrigation venture in the district. Bajra, toor, sugarcane, groundnut, sunflower, sesame, castor bean, black gram, jowar, wheat, cotton, ragi, bengal gram, and linseed are grown in this district. Gulbarga is an industrially backward district, but is presently showing signs of growth in the cement, textile, leather and chemical industries. Gulbarga has a university with medical and engineering colleges.
Gulbarga district was formerly part of Hyderabad state and most of the district became a part of Mysore state (later Karnataka) in 1956. Two taluks became part of Andhra Pradesh.
Shri Kshetra Gangapur, a well known pilgrimage of God Shri Sadguru Dattarya, is very close to Gulbarga.
The district is 27.23% urban.
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