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Rabbi Hezekiah da Silva (also Hezekiah Silva) (1659–1698) (Template:Lang-he-n) was a Jewish author born in Livorno, Grand Duchy of Tuscany. He was the son-in-law of the dayan Mordechai Rafael Malachi.
Biography
Rabbi Da Silva was born in 1656 in Livorno, Grand Duchy of Tuscany. Around the year 1679, at age 20, Da Silva left his native city for Jerusalem in then-Ottoman Palestine, where he attended the yeshivah of Rabbi Moses Galante for ten years. In 1689 Galanti died and Da Silva succeeded him as Rosh Yeshiva. He was sent to Europe to collect funds for Jerusalem.
In 1691, when Da Silva was in Amsterdam, he received an offer to become the city's Rav, which he refused. Instead, he began the printing of his work Pri Chadash (Template:Hebrew), a commentary on the Yoreh De'ah. Wealthy Amsterdam Jews offer to finance the publication. Pri Chadash was published in 1691 and immediately hailed by European Torah scholars as a monumental contribution to the world of halacha. Da Silva remained in Amsterdam for a year.
On his way back to Israel he visited Egypt, where the Torah scholars were incensed that he referred in his works to earlier scholars in what they felt was a disparaging manner. The freedom with which Silva discussed halakhic problems brought the ban of the rabbis of Cairo upon his Pri Chadash. It was afterward removed by Rabbi Abraham Levi, although the two men - spiritually akin - were personally unacquainted.
When he arrived back in Jerusalem Rav Hezekia opened the doors of Yeshivat Bet Yaakov. Da Silva had secured the ongoing support of the Dutch philanthropist Yisrael Yaakov Firera while in Amsterdam, and in Firera's honor the yeshiva was renamed Bet Yaakov Firera. Da Silva took a decided interest in the controversy that took place between Moses Hagiz and Judah Vega. However, his death in Jerusalem in 1695 at age 39 cut short his activity in behalf of the former. He was buried at the foot of Har Hazeisim.
Works
Da Silva's Pri Chadash was supplemented by a second and a third part edited by his son David Da Silva. The work bore the approbation of the chief authorities of the time (Amsterdam, 1706–1730). Silva was likewise the author of the Mayim Ḥayyim, containing a collection of notes on Talmudic treatises, together with responsa and a portion of the Yad of Maimonides.
Silva expressly states that he was a teacher at Jerusalem, not a rabbi, but despite this Luncz claims that he was chief rabbi of Jerusalem and that he died in 1740.
Family
Da Silva's wife was Chanah da Silva, the sister of the wife of Moses Hagiz. In 1983 they had a son David de Silva, who became known as the Pri Hadas.
Notable Followers
- Rabbi Yonatan Eybeschutz
- Rabbi Yosef Teomim (Pri Megadim)
Jewish Encyclopedia bibliography
- Azulai, Chaim Joseph, Shem ha-Gedolim
- Grätz, Heinrich, Geschichte der Juden, x. 320
- Luncz, Abraham Moses, Yerushalayim,, i.120
- Fürst, Julius, Bibliotheca Judaica, iii. 323-324
- Steinschneider, Moritz, Catalogus Librorum Hebræorum in Bibliotheca Bodleiana, col. 845
References
- http://kotzkblog.blogspot.com/2018/01/161-ban-repeal-and-censoring-of-pri.html
- http://revach.net/stories/gedolim-biographies/The-Pri-Chadash-Honored-In-Amsterdam-Scorned-In-Egypt-Fulfilled-In-Yerushalayim/3181
- https://www.geni.com/people/Rabbi-Hezekiah-da-Silva-The-Pri-Chadash/6000000028106467254
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Executive Committee of the Editorial Board and Lazarus Grünhut (1901–1906). "Silva, Hezekiah". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.