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Literature is a term that does not have a universally accepted definition, but which has variably included all written work; writing that possesses literary merit; and language that foregrounds literariness, as opposed to ordinary language. Etymologically the term derives from Latinliteratura/litteratura "writing formed with letters", although some definitions include spoken or sung texts. Literature can be classified according to whether it is fiction or non-fiction, and whether it is poetry or prose; it can be further distinguished according to major forms such as the novel, short story or drama; and works are often categorised according to historical periods, or according to their adherence to certain aesthetic features or expectations (genre).
Literature may consist of texts based on factual information (journalistic or non-fiction), a category that may also include polemical works, biographies, and reflective essays, or it may consist of texts based on imagination (such as fiction, poetry, or drama). Literature written in poetry emphasizes the aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language—such as sound, symbolism, and metre—to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, ordinary meanings, while literature written in prose applies ordinary grammatical structure and the natural flow of speech. Literature can also be classified according to historical periods, genres, and political influences. While the concept of genre has broadened over the centuries, in general, a genre consists of artistic works that fall within a certain central theme; examples of genre include romance, mystery, crime, fantasy, erotica, and adventure, among others.
... that Johann Christoph Gottsched (pictured) was a German author and critic who advocated the principle that poetry must be the product of strict and artificial rules?
... that "Let us go then, you and I, / When the evening is spread out against the sky / Like a patient etherised upon a table" are the first lines of T. S. Eliot's 1915 poem, "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock"?
... that "Deus ex machina" is a Latin phrase that is used to describe an unexpected, artificial, or improbable character, device, or event introduced suddenly in a work of fiction or drama to resolve a situation or untangle a plot?
... that in 1956, Adele Wiseman, a second-generation immigrant to Canada, published her first novel, The Sacrifice?
Welcome to our literature quiz! Question 1 is fairly easy, Question 3 rather difficult.
(1) What is the title of the novel in which an English family tries to abduct a child from its home in Italy so that it can be raised in England? Who is the author?
(2) Which female American author has written a short story in which wealthy elderly people are marooned on a tropical desert island so that their grown-up children can inherit their money?
(3) How many survivors are there in the novel whose protagonist is Fletcher J. Fletcher? What is the title of the book?
February 2023 - Italian poet Francesco Benozzo has been nominated also this year for the Nobel Prize in Literature. He belongs to the tradition of oral poetry: author of long epic poems about natural landscapes, he usually composes them orally and perform them with his harp. He is the author of several books, including academic works on oral poetry, anarchism, shamanism, ethnophilology, and landscape in literature . As a song-writer, he released 12 CDs, produced in Italy, Denmark and UK, and won two special mentions at the Edinburgh Folk Awards. He represented Italian poetry at many inportant Festivals of Literature. Benozzo also performed in Rome with Wislawa Szymborska. In 2022 he won the international prize “Poets from the Frontier” His most important epic long-poems have been recently translated into English in a volume titled Sciamanica .
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