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{{chembox |
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{{chembox |
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| verifiedrevid = 415502365 |
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| verifiedrevid = 443831073 |
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| Name = Galangin |
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| Name = Galangin |
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| ImageFile = Galangin.svg |
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| ImageFile = Galangin.svg |
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| ImageSize = 250px |
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| ImageSize = 220px |
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| ImageAlt = Skeletal formula of galangin |
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| ImageName = Galangin structure |
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| ImageFile1 = Galangin-3D-balls.png |
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| IUPACName = 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one |
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| ImageAlt1 = Ball-and-stick model of the galangin molecule |
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| OtherNames= Norizalpinin<br>3,5,7-Trihydroxyflavone<br>3,5,7-triOH-Flavone |
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| IUPACName = 3,5,7-Trihydroxyflavone |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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| SystematicName = 3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-phenyl-4''H''-1-benzopyran-4-one |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| OtherNames = Norizalpinin<br>3,5,7-triOH-Flavone |
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID = 4444935 |
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| ChemSpiderID = 4444935 |
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| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} |
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| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo = 548-83-4 |
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| CASNo = 548-83-4 |
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| PubChem = 5281616 |
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| PubChem = 5281616 |
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| IUPHAR_ligand = 410 |
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| IUPHAR_ligand = 410 |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| UNII = 142FWE6ECS |
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| UNII = 142FWE6ECS |
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| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} |
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| ChEBI = 5262 |
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| ChEBI = 5262 |
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| SMILES = O=C1c3c(O/C(=C1/O)c2ccccc2)cc(O)cc3O |
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| SMILES = O=C1c3c(O/C(=C1/O)c2ccccc2)cc(O)cc3O |
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}} |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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| C=15 |
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| Formula = C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>5</sub> |
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| H=10 |
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| MolarMass = 270.24 g/mol |
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| O=5 |
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| ExactMass = 270.052823 u |
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| Density = |
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| Density = 1.579 g/mL |
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| MeltingPt = 214-215 °C |
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| MeltingPtC = 214 to 215 |
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| MeltingPt_notes = |
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| BoilingPt = |
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'''Galangin''' is a ], a type of ]. |
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'''Galangin''' is a ] found in high concentrations in '']'' (lesser galangal).<ref name=ciolino&yeh>{{cite doi|10.1038/sj.bjc.6690216}}</ref> It is also found in the ] ] ('']'')<ref>{{Cite pmid|21046987}}</ref> and in ].<ref>{{cite doi|10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.01.011}}</ref> Galangin has been shown to slow the increase and growth of ] cells.<ref>{{cite pmid|8875554}}</ref><ref>{{cite doi|10.1016/S0304-3835(96)04557-0}}</ref> |
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==References== |
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==Occurrence== |
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Galangin is found in high concentrations in plants like '']'' (lesser galangal)<ref name=ciolino&yeh>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ciolino | first1 = H. P. | last2 = Yeh | first2 = G. C. | doi = 10.1038/sj.bjc.6690216 | title = The flavonoid galangin is an inhibitor of CYP1A1 activity and an agonist/antagonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor | journal = British Journal of Cancer | volume = 79 | issue = 9/10 | pages = 1340–1346 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10188874| pmc = 2362711}}</ref> and '']''.<ref name="pmid9292410">{{cite journal|vauthors=Afolayan AJ, Meyer JJ | title=The antimicrobial activity of 3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone isolated from the shoots of Helichrysum aureonitens | journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology | year= 1997 | volume= 57 | issue= 3 | pages= 177–181 | pmid=9292410 | doi=10.1016/s0378-8741(97)00065-2}}</ref> It is also found in the ] of '']''<ref>{{Cite journal |
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| last1 = Kaur | first1 = A. |
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| last2 = Singh | first2 = R. |
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| last3 = Dey | first3 = C. S. |
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| last4 = Sharma | first4 = S. S. |
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| last5 = Bhutani | first5 = K. K. |
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| last6 = Singh | first6 = I. P. |
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| title = Antileishmanial phenylpropanoids from ''Alpinia galanga'' (Linn.) Willd |
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| journal = Indian Journal of Experimental Biology |
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| volume = 48 |
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| issue = 3 |
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| pages = 314–317 |
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| year = 2010 |
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| pmid = 21046987 |
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| url = http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/7407/1/IJEB%2048(3)%20314-317.pdf |
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}}</ref> and in ].<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Tosi | first1 = E | last2 = Re | first2 = E | last3 = Ortega | first3 = M | last4 = Cazzoli | first4 = A | title = Food preservative based on propolis: Bacteriostatic activity of propolis polyphenols and flavonoids upon Escherichia coli | doi = 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.01.011 | journal = Food Chemistry | volume = 104 | pages = 1025–1029 | year = 2007 | issue = 3 }}</ref> |
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==Biological activities== |
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Galangin has been shown to have '']'' ]<ref name="pmid16428027">{{cite journal|vauthors=Cushnie TP, Lamb AJ | title=Assessment of the antibacterial activity of galangin against 4-quinolone resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus| journal=Phytomedicine | year= 2006 | volume= 13 | issue= 3 | pages= 187–191 | pmid=16428027 | doi=10.1016/j.phymed.2004.07.003}}</ref><ref name="pmid15985350">{{cite journal|vauthors=Cushnie TP, Lamb AJ | title=Detection of galangin-induced cytoplasmic membrane damage in Staphylococcus aureus by measuring potassium loss| journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology | year= 2005 | volume= 101 | issue= 1–3 | pages= 243–248 | pmid=15985350 | doi=10.1016/j.jep.2005.04.014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liu |first=Yang Sylvia |last2=Zhang |first2=Chengqian |last3=Khoo |first3=Bee Luan |last4=Hao |first4=Piliang |last5=Chua |first5=Song Lin |date=2024-09-02 |title=Dual-species proteomics and targeted intervention of animal-pathogen interactions |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090123224003837 |journal=Journal of Advanced Research |doi=10.1016/j.jare.2024.08.038 |issn=2090-1232|doi-access=free }}</ref> and ] activity.<ref name="pmid9174978">{{cite journal|vauthors=Afolayan AJ, Meyer JJ, Taylor MB, Erasmus D | title=Antiviral activity of galangin isolated from the aerial parts of Helichrysum aureonitens | journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology | year= 1997 | volume= 56 | issue= 2 | pages= 165–169 | pmid=917497 | doi=10.1016/s0378-8741(97)01514-6}}</ref> It also inhibits the growth of ] cells '']''.<ref>{{Cite journal |
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| last1 = So | first1 = F. V. |
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| last2 = Guthrie | first2 = N. |
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| last3 = Chambers | first3 = A. F. |
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| last4 = Moussa | first4 = M. |
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| last5 = Carroll | first5 = K. K. |
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| title = Inhibition of human breast cancer cell proliferation and delay of mammary tumorigenesis by flavonoids and citrus juices |
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| doi = 10.1080/01635589609514473 |
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| journal = Nutrition and Cancer |
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| volume = 26 |
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| issue = 2 |
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| pages = 167–181 |
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| year = 1996 |
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| pmid = 8875554 |
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}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = So | first1 = F. | last2 = Guthrie | first2 = N. | last3 = Chambers | first3 = A. F. | last4 = Carroll | first4 = K. K. | title = Inhibition of proliferation of estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by flavonoids in the presence and absence of excess estrogen | doi = 10.1016/S0304-3835(96)04557-0 | journal = Cancer Letters | volume = 112 | issue = 2 | pages = 127–133 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9066718}}</ref> |
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== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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== External links == |
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{{flavonol}} |
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{{flavonol}} |
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] |
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{{Natural-phenol-stub}} |
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