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Silver(I,III) oxide: Difference between revisions

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{{chembox {{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 410383878 | verifiedrevid = 442841576
| ImageFile =
| ImageFile = AgO-monoclinic-xtal-2x2x2-oxcol-3D-bs-17.png
| ImageSize =
| ImageSize =
| ImageName = Silver(I,III) oxide
| IUPACName = silver(I,III) oxide | ImageName = Silver(I,III) Oxide
| ImageCaption = {{Colorsample2|#cbcbcb}} Ag(I) {{Colorsample2|#929292}} Ag(III) {{Colorsample2|red}} O
| OtherNames = silver peroxide, argentic oxide, silver suboxide, divasil
| IUPACName = silver(I,III) Oxide
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| OtherNames = tetrasilver tetroxide, silver peroxide, argentic oxide, silver suboxide, divasil
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 1301-96-8 | CASNo = 1301-96-8
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}} | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo1 = 155645-89-9

| CASNo1_Comment = https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/44150047 lists only CAS 155645-89-9. Perhaps the CASNo 1301-96-8 is due to https://patents.justia.com/patent/6645531 (Antelman, year 2000): "Tetrasilver tetroxide compositions... have been commercially sold under the poorly named “Ag(II) OXIDE” tradename. They may be obtained from Aldrich Chemical Co., Inc..."

| ChemSpiderID =
| EINECS = 215-098-2
| PubChem = 44150047
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 4C3LTJ9O6J
| SMILES = O.O=O=O
| StdInChI = 1S/4Ag.4O
| StdInChIKey = RARXNJBGGSMBMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
}} }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = AgO<br/> | Formula = Ag<sub>4</sub>O<sub>4</sub><br/>
Ag<sub>2</sub>O.Ag<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Ag<sub>2</sub>O.Ag<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>
| MolarMass = 123.87 g/mol | MolarMass = 123.87 g/mol
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| BoilingPt = | BoilingPt =
| Solubility = .0027 g/100 mL | Solubility = .0027 g/100 mL
| SolubleOther = soluble in ]es | SolubleOther = soluble in ]s
}} }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS03}}{{GHS05}}{{GHS07}}{{GHS09}}
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|272|315|319|335}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|}}
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-I = 1
| NFPA-S =
}}
}} }}


'''Silver(I,III) oxide''' or '''tetrasilver tetroxide''' is the ] with the formula Ag<sub>4</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. It is a component of ]. It can be prepared by the slow addition of a silver(I) ] to a ] ] e.g. ] to a ] solution.<ref name = "Wells"/> It adopts an unusual structure, being a ].<ref>David Tudela "Silver(II) Oxide or Silver(I,III) Oxide?" J. Chem. Educ., 2008, volume 85, p 863. {{doi| 10.1021/ed085p863}}</ref> It is a dark brown solid that decomposes with evolution of O<sub>2</sub> in water. It dissolves in concentrated ] to give brown solutions containing the Ag<sup>2+</sup> ion.<ref> Peter Fischer, Martin Jansen "Electrochemical Syntheses of Binary Silver Oxides" 1995, vol. 30, pp. 50–55. {{doi|10.1002/9780470132616.ch11}}</ref>
'''Silver(I,III) oxide''' is a ] used as part of the manufacture of silver oxide-] ]. It has an empirical formula AgO, which might suggest that silver is in the +2 ]. However, AgO is ] and ] studies show that silver atoms have two different coordination environments, one having two collinear oxide neighbours and the other four coplanar oxide neighbours.<ref name = "Wells"> Wells A.F. (1984) ''Structural Inorganic Chemistry'' 5th edition Oxford Science Publications ISBN 0-19-855370-6 </ref>. AgO is therefore formulated as Ag<sup>I</sup>Ag<sup>III</sup>O<sub>2</sub><ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw}} p. 1181.</ref> or Ag<sub>2</sub>O·Ag<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. It is also known as '''silver peroxide''', although it does not have ] (O<sub>2</sub><sup>2−</sup>) anions. It can be prepared by the slow addition of a silver(I) salt to a persulfate solution e.g. ] to a ] solution.<ref name = "Wells"/>


==References== ==Structure==
Although its ], AgO, suggests that the compound tetrasilver tetraoxide has silver in the +2 ], each unit has two monovalent silver atoms bonded to an oxygen atom, and two trivalent silver atoms bonded to three oxygen atoms, and it is in fact ]. ] studies show that the silver atoms adopt two different coordination environments, one having two collinear oxide neighbours and the other four coplanar oxide neighbours.<ref name = "Wells">Wells A.F. (1984) ''Structural Inorganic Chemistry'' 5th edition Oxford Science Publications {{ISBN|0-19-855370-6}}</ref> tetrasilver tetraoxide is therefore formulated as Ag<sup>I</sup>Ag<sup>III</sup>O<sub>2</sub><ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw}} p. 1181.</ref> or Ag<sub>2</sub>O·Ag<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. It has previously been called silver peroxide, which is incorrect since it does not contain the ] ion, O<sub>2</sub><sup>2−</sup>.
{{reflist}}


==Uses==


Tetrasilver tetroxide has been marketed under a trade name "Tetrasil." In 2010, the FDA issued a warning letter to an American company concerning the firm's marketing of Tetrasil and Genisil ointments of tetrasilver tetroxide for ] and similar conditions.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://quackwatch.org/cases/fdawarning/prod/fda-warning-letters-about-products-2008/aidance/ | title=FDA Warning Letter to Aidance Skincare and Topical Solutions, LLC &#124; Quackwatch | date=19 July 2010 }}</ref>
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{oxygen compounds}}
{{Silver compounds}} {{Silver compounds}}
{{Oxides}}


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