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2MASS J22282889–4310262

Artist's representation of 2MASS J22282889-4310262
Observation data Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation	Grus
Right ascension	22 28 28.894
Declination	–43° 10′ 26.27″
Characteristics
Spectral type	T6
Apparent magnitude (J)	15.662
Apparent magnitude (H)	15.363
Apparent magnitude (K)	15.296
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ)	RA: 51.7 mas/yr Dec.: -301.3 mas/yr
Parallax (π)	94.0 ± 7.0 mas
Distance	35 ± 3 ly (10.6 ± 0.8 pc)
Details
Radius	0.94±0.16 RJup
Surface gravity (log g)	5.0 cgs
Temperature	900 K
Rotation	1.41±0.01 h
Age	1 Gyr
Other designations
2MASS J22282889–4310262, WISEP J222829.00–431029.4
Database references
SIMBAD	data

2MASS J22282889–4310262 is a brown dwarf discovered by the Hubble Space Telescope and The Spitzer Space Telescope in 2013. Using Hubble and Spitzer, NASA astronomers were able to develop the most detailed 'weather map' for brown dwarfs, utilizing different wavelengths of infrared light to show changing light patterns and different layers of material in the windstorms (the layers were generated because water and methane vapors are visible at different infrared wavelengths). This observation was the first time that researchers were able to probe such variability at different altitudes in a brown dwarf. In the outer layers of its atmosphere, gases condense into raindrop-like particles made up of sand and iron which fall into the interior.

Researchers also determined that the object's temperature ranges from 1,100 to 1,300 degrees Fahrenheit (600 to 700 degrees Celsius). The brown dwarf is rotating extremely rapidly, with 1.41 hours rotation period being the smallest reliably measured rotation period of the brown dwarf as of 2021.

References

1. ^ Cutri, Roc M.; Skrutskie, Michael F.; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Beichman, Charles A.; Carpenter, John M.; Chester, Thomas; Cambresy, Laurent; Evans, Tracey E.; Fowler, John W.; Gizis, John E.; Howard, Elizabeth V.; Huchra, John P.; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Kopan, Eugene L.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Light, Robert M.; Marsh, Kenneth A.; McCallon, Howard L.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Stiening, Rae; Sykes, Matthew J.; Weinberg, Martin D.; Wheaton, William A.; Wheelock, Sherry L.; Zacarias, N. (2003). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2246: II/246. Bibcode:2003yCat.2246....0C.
2. ^ Tannock, Megan E.; Metchev, Stanimir; Heinze, Aren; Miles-Páez, Paulo A.; Gagné, Jonathan; Burgasser, Adam; Marley, Mark S.; Apai, Dániel; Suárez, Genaro; Plavchan, Peter (2021), "Weather on Other Worlds. V. The Three Most Rapidly Rotating Ultra-cool Dwarfs", The Astronomical Journal, 161 (5): 224, arXiv:2103.01990, Bibcode:2021AJ....161..224T, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abeb67, S2CID 232105126
3. ^ "2MASS J22282889-4310262". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
4. Faherty, Jacqueline K. (2012). "The Brown Dwarf Kinematics Project (BDKP). III. Parallaxes for 70 Ultracool Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal. 752 (1): 56. arXiv:1203.5543. Bibcode:2012ApJ...752...56F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/752/1/56. S2CID 18160586.
5. Esther Buenzli; et al. (24 October 2012). "Vertical Atmospheric Structure in a Variable Brown Dwarf: Pressure-dependent Phase Shifts in Simultaneous Hubble Space Telescope-Spitzer Light Curves". The Astrophysical Journal. 760 (2): L31. arXiv:1210.6654. Bibcode:2012ApJ...760L..31B. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/760/2/L31. S2CID 5954599.
6. ^ Vos, Johanna M.; Biller, Beth A.; Allers, Katelyn N.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Liu, Michael C.; Metchev, Stanimir; Eriksson, Simon; Manjavacas, Elena; Dupuy, Trent J.; Janson, Markus; Radigan-Hoffman, Jacqueline; Crossfield, Ian; Bonnefoy, Mickaël; Best, William M. J.; Homeier, Derek; Schlieder, Joshua E.; Brandner, Wolfgang; Henning, Thomas; Bonavita, Mariangela; Buenzli, Esther (2020), "Spitzer Variability Properties of Low-gravity L Dwarfs", The Astronomical Journal, 160 (1): 38, arXiv:2005.12854, Bibcode:2020AJ....160...38V, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab9642, S2CID 218889787
7. "NASA Telescopes See Weather Patterns in Brown Dwarf". NASA/JPL. Retrieved 2015-12-03.
8. "2MASSJ22282889-431026: The Hybrid Planet-Star With A Stormy Atmosphere". Science 2.0. 27 August 2014. Retrieved 2015-12-03.

v t e Constellation of Grus
List of stars in Grus List of star names in Grus Grus in Chinese astronomy
Stars	Bayer α (Alnair) β (Tiaki) γ (Aldhanab) δ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ μ ν ξ ο π π ρ σ σ τ τ τ υ φ Variable RZ CE HR 8323 8501 HD 208487 (Itonda) 213240 215456 Other 2MASS J22282889–4310262 Gliese 832 PSR J2144−3933 S5-HVS1 WASP-95 WISE 2220−3628
Exoplanets Gliese 832 b HD 208487 b HD 213240 b τ Gruis b
Galaxies	NGC 7070 7070A 7072 7075 7079 7087 7213 7418 7424 7496 7531 7552 7582 7590 Other IC 1459 IC 5201
Galaxy clusters Abell S1063
Category

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