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Arnuwanda III

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See also: Arnuwanda I and Arnuwanda II
Arnuwanda III
TitleKing of the Hittites
PredecessorTudḫaliya IV
SuccessorSuppiluliuma II
ParentTudhaliya IV
RelativesNerikkaili (uncle)
Hattusili III (grandfather)
Puduhepa (grandmother)
Suppiluliuma II (brother)

Arnuwanda III was the penultimate king of the Hittite empire (New Kingdom) c. 1215–1210 BC (middle chronology) or c. 1209–1207 BC (short chronology).

Family

Arnuwanda was a son of Tudhaliya IV and grandson of Hattusili III and Puduhepa. He was quickly succeeded by his brother Suppiluliuma II.

Hittite New Kingdom royal family tree according to Trevor Bryce
Kantuzilli
Tudhaliya I/IINikkalmati
Arnuwanda IAsmunikal
Hattusili II?Tudhaliya IIIDaduhepaZida
Tudhaliya the YoungerHenti (1)Šuppiluliuma I(2) Tawananna
Arnuwanda IITelipinuSarri-KusuhZannanzaGassulawiya (1)Mursili II(2) Tanuhepa
Talmi-SarrumaSahurunuwaMuwatalli IIHalpasulupiMassanauzziHattusili IIIPuduhepa
Ini-TesubUrhi-TesubKuruntaNerikkailinumerous daughters and sonsTudhaliya IV
Talmi-TesubArnuwanda IIISuppiluliuma II
Kuzi-Tesub
  • (1) = 1st spouse
  • (2) = 2nd spouse
  • Small caps indicates a Great King (LUGAL.GAL) of the Land of Hatti; italic small caps indicates a Great Queen or Tawananna.
  • Dashed lines indicate adoption.
  • Solid lines indicate marriage (if horizontal) or parentage (if vertical).
References:
  • Trevor Bryce (1997). The Kingdom of the Hittites. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press.
  • Trevor Bryce (2005). The Kingdom of the Hittites (new edition). Oxford, England: Clarendon Press.
  • Trevor Bryce (2012). The World of the Neo-Hittite Kingdoms. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
  • Jacques Freu (2007). Les débuts du nouvel empire hittite. Paris, France: L'Harmattan.
  • Volkert Haas (2006). Die hethitische Literatur. Berlin, Germany: de Gruyter.
Notes:
  1. Scholars have suggested that Tudhaliya I/II was possibly a grandson of the Hittite king Huzziya II; the first Tudhaliya is now known to be the son of Kantuzzili (Bryce 1997, p. 131 suggested Himuili, but the new edition, Bryce 2005, p. 122, indicated Kantuzzili).
  2. Bryce (1997) does not consider it clear whether Tudhaliya I/II was one king or two (p. 133); the link points to Tudhaliya II. Among those who identify distinct kings Tudhaliya I and Tudhaliya II, Freu (2007) has Kantuzzili—his son Tudhaliya I—his son Hattusili II—his son Tudhaliya II (p. 311).
  3. ^ Bryce (1997), p. 139.
  4. The existence of Hattusili II is doubted by many scholars (Bryce 1997, pp. 153–154; Bryce 2005, p. 141). Among those who accept the existence of Hattusili II, Freu (2007), p. 311, has Tudhaliya I—his son Hattusili II—his son Tudhaliya II.
  5. Bryce (1997), p. 158.
  6. Bryce (1997), p. 172.
  7. ^ Bryce (1997), p. 174.
  8. ^ Bryce (1997), p. 168.
  9. Also known as Malnigal; daughter of Burnaburias II of Babylonia (Bryce 1997, p. 173).
  10. ‘Great priest’ in Kizzuwadna and king (lugal) of Aleppo (Bryce 1997, p. 174).
  11. ^ King (lugal) of Carchemish.
  12. Bryce (1997), pp. 174, 203–204.
  13. Zannanza died on his way to Egypt to marry a pharaoh's widow, probably Ankhesenpaaten, the widow of Tutankhamun (Bryce 1997, pp. 196–198).
  14. Bryce (1997), p. 227.
  15. ^ Bryce (1997), p. 230.
  16. Bryce (1997), p. 220.
  17. Bryce (1997), p. 222.
  18. Haas (2006), p. 91.
  19. Massanauzzi married Masturi, king of the Seha River Land (Bryce 1997, p. 313).
  20. Bryce (1997), p. 296.
  21. Puduhepa was the daughter of the Kizzuwadnan priest Pentipsarri (Bryce 1997, p. 273).
  22. Bryce (1997), pp. 346, 363.
  23. King (lugal) of Tarhuntassa (Bryce 1997, p. 296); apparently later Great King of Hatti (Bryce 1997, p. 354).
  24. Nerikkaili married a daughter of Bentesina, king of Amurru (Bryce 1997, p. 294).
  25. Two daughters of Hattusili III were married to the pharaoh Ramesses II; one was given the Egyptian name Ma(hor)nefrure. Another, Gassuwaliya, married into the royal house of Amurru. Kilushepa was married to a king of Isuwa. A daughter married into the royal family of Babylon. A sister of Tudhaliya IV married Sausgamuwa, king of Amurru after his father Bentesina. From Bryce (1997), pp. 294 and 312.
  26. Bryce (1997), p. 332.
  27. Bryce (1997), p. 363. Tudhaliya IV probably married a Babylonian princess, known by her title of Great Princess (dumu.sal gal) (Bryce 1997, pp. 294, 331).
  28. Bryce (1997), p. 363.
  29. ^ Bryce (1997), p. 361.
  30. Last documented Great King of the Land of Hatti.
  31. King and then Great King of Carchemish (Bryce 1997, pp. 384–385).

See also

References

  1. Kuhrt, Amélie (2020). The Ancient Near East: c.3000–330 BC, Volume One. Routledge. p. 230. ISBN 978-1-136-75548-4.

External links

Regnal titles
Preceded byTudhaliya IV Hittite king
c. 1215–1210 BC 		Succeeded bySuppiluliuma II
Hittite kings
Hattic kings
c. 23rd–18th centuries BC
Old Kingdom
c. 16th–15th centuries BC
Middle Kingdom
c. mid-to-late 15th century BC
New Kingdom
c. 14th–12th centuries BC
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