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Cleistanthus collinus

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Species of plant

Cleistanthus collinus
Conservation status

Vulnerable  (IUCN 2.3)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Phyllanthaceae
Genus: Cleistanthus
Species: C. collinus
Binomial name
Cleistanthus collinus
(Roxb.) Benth. ex Hook.f.
Synonyms

Lebidieropsis orbiculata var. lambertii
Lebidieropsis orbiculata var. collina
Lebidieropsis orbiculata (Roth) Müll.Arg.
Lebidieropsis collina (Roxb.) Müll.Arg.
Emblica palasis Buch.-Ham.
Bridelia collina (Roxb.) Hook. & Arn.
Andrachne orbiculata Roth
Andrachne cadishaco Roxb. ex Wall.
Amanoa collina (Roxb.) Baill.

Cleistanthus collinus is a plant species first described by Roxburgh, with its current name after Bentham and Hooker; it is included in the family Phyllanthaceae. The IUCN categorizes this species as vulnerable. No subspecies are listed in the Catalogue of Life.

Properties

Cleistanthus collinus (Karra) contains a plant poison also called oduvan (Tamil), kadise (Kannada), Vadisaku (Telugu), Oduku (Malayalam) and Gaja Madara (Sinhala) . Ingestion of its leaves or a decoction of its leaves causes hypokalemia (kaliuresis and cardiac arrhythmias), metabolic acidosis, hypotension and hypoxia probably due to distal renal tubular acidosis, ARDS and toxin induced vasodilatation respectively. Hypokalemia and acidosis probably also induces rhabdomyolysis resulting in myoglobinuric kidney failure and neuromuscular weakness. Its effects are probably mediated by injury to the distal renal tubules, pulmonary epithelium and peripheral blood vessels due to glutathione depletion (animal studies have shown benefit with N-acetylcysteine).

Gallery

  • Karra at fruiting Karra at fruiting

References

  1. ^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1998). "Cleistanthus collinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1998: e.T34271A9855293. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T34271A9855293.en.
  2. Benth. ex Hook.f., 1887 In: Fl. Brit. India 5: 274
  3. ^ Roskov Y.; Kunze T.; Orrell T.; Abucay L.; Paglinawan L.; Culham A.; Bailly N.; Kirk P.; Bourgoin T.; Baillargeon G.; Decock W.; De Wever A. (2014). Didžiulis V. (ed.). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Retrieved 26 May 2014.
  4. "Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb.) Benth. ex Hook.f." Plants of the World Online / Kew Science.
  5. Thomas, K; Dayal, AK; Narasimhan, Alka G; Seshadri, MS; Cherian, AM; Kanakasabapathi, Molly B (1991). "Metabolic and Cardiac effects of Cleistanthus Collinus poisoning". J Assoc Physicians India. 39 (4): 312–314. PMID 1938816.
  6. Subrahmanyam, DK; Mooney, T; Raveendran, R; Zachariah, B. A (Nov 2003). "Clinical and laboratory profile of Cleistanthus collinus poisoning". J Assoc Physicians India. 51: 1052–4. PMID 15260387.
  7. Eswarappa, S.; Chakraborty, A R; Palatty, B U; Vasnik, M (2003). "Cleistanthus Collinus Poisoning: Case Reports and Review of the Literature". Clinical Toxicology. 41 (4): 369–72. doi:10.1081/clt-120022005. PMID 12870879. S2CID 20225328.
  8. Benjamin SPE, M Edwin Fernando, JJ Jayanth, Preetha B; Cleistanthus collinus poisoning. J Assoc Physicians India 2006 Sep; 54:742-44
  9. Nampoothiri, K; Chrispal, A; Begum, A; Jasmine, S; Gopinath, KG; Zachariah, A (Mar 2010). "A clinical study of renal tubular dysfunction in Cleistanthus collinus (Oduvanthalai) poisoning". Clin Toxicol. 48 (3): 193–7. doi:10.3109/15563651003641786. PMC 2875161. PMID 20397801.
  10. Eswarappa, Benjamin SPE (Jan 2007). "Renal failure and neuromuscular weakness in Cleistanthus collinus poisoning". J Assoc Physicians India. 55: 85–86. PMID 17447300.
  11. Sarathchandra, G; Balakrishnamoorthy, P. "Acute toxicity of Cleistanthus collinus, an indigenous poisonous plant in Cavia procellus". Journal of Environmental Biology. 1998: 145–8.
  12. Annapoorani, KS; Damodaran, C; Chandrasekharan, P (1986). "A promising antidote to Cleistanthus collinus poisoning". J Sci Soc Ind. 2: 3–6.
Taxon identifiers
Cleistanthus collinus
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