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Echiniscoides sigismundi
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Tardigrada
Class:	Heterotardigrada
Order:	Echiniscoidea
Family:	Echiniscoididae
Genus:	Echiniscoides
Species:	E. sigismundi
Binomial name
Echiniscoides sigismundi (M. Schultze, 1865)
Synonyms
Echiniscus sigismundi M. Schultze, 1865

Echiniscoides sigismundi is a species of marine tardigrade. It lives in seaweeds or plates of barnacles, or more generally in algal strongholds in inter-tidal areas.

Taxonomy

Echiniscoides sigismundi is the type species of Echiniscoides. Described in 1865 as Echiniscus sigismundii, it was placed in a separate genus by Ludwig Hermann Plate in 1888.

Distribution

By 1936, it was reported in most seas of Northern Europe, and in the Mediterranean and the Caribbean.

The Light and Smith Manual describes its distribution as cosmopolitan, in the upper inter-tidal.

Osmobiosis

Echiniscoides sigismundi becomes turgid in freshwater, but can survive up to three days, resuming normal activity as osmotic differential returns to normal.

Infraspecies

• Echiniscoides sigismundi galliensis Kristensen and Hallas, 1980
• Echiniscoides sigismundi groenlandicus Kristensen and Hallas, 1980
• Echiniscoides sigismundi hispaniensis Kristensen and Hallas, 1980
• Echiniscoides sigismundi mediterranicus Kristensen and Hallas, 1980
• Echiniscoides sigismundi polynesiensis Renaud-Mornant, 1976
• Echiniscoides sigismundi porphyrae Grimaldi de Zio, Gallo D'Addabbo and Pietanza, 2000
• Echiniscoides sigismundi sigismundi (M. Schultze, 1865)
• Echiniscoides sigismundi verrucariae Grimaldi de Zio, Gallo D'Addabbo and Pietanza, 2000

See also

• Tardigrada
• Heterotardigrada

References

1. ^ Marcus, E. (1936). Arthropoda: Tardigrada (in German). Walter de Gruyter. p. 34. ISBN 978-3-11-143462-9.
2. "UK species inventory: Echiniscoides sigismundi (Schultze, 1865)". Retrieved 15 June 2014.
3. Margulis, Lynn (2009). Kingdoms and Domains: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth. Academic Press. p. 324. ISBN 978-0-08-092014-6.
4. Pollock, L.W. (1975). "Observations on marine Heterotardigrada, including a new genus from the western Atlantic Ocean" (PDF). Cahiers de Biologie Marine. 16: 121–32.
5. Sol Felty Light (2007). The Light and Smith Manual: Intertidal Invertebrates from Central California to Oregon. James T. Carlton (Editor). University of California Press. p. 296. ISBN 978-0-520-23939-5.
6. James H. Thorp; Alan P. Covich, eds. (2010). Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates. Aquatic ecology series. Academic Press. p. 467. ISBN 978-0-12-374855-3.

Bibliography

• R.O. Schuster, and A. A. Grigarick, 1965. Tardigrada from Western North America With Emphasis on the Fauna of California. University of California Publications in Zoology, vol. 76: 1-67.
• Roberto Guidetti and Roberto Bertolani, 2005. Tardigrade taxonomy: an updated check list of the taxa and a list of characters for their identification. Zootaxa, issue 845: 1-46. Abstract
• Peter Degma, Roberto Bertolani|, Roberto Guidetti, 2010. Actual checklist of Tardigrada species (Ver. 12: 16-04-2010).
• D. J. Crisp and J. Hobart. A note on the habitat of the marine tardigrade Echiniscoides sigismundi (Shultze) (Payment needed for full article) Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser 12, 7: 554-560
• Clive I. Morgan, Philip Ernest King (1976). British Tardigrades, Tardigrada: Keys and Notes for the Identification of the Species. New series, Synopses of the British fauna. Vol. 9. Linnean Society of London. ISBN 978-0-12-506950-2. ISSN 0082-1101.

External links

[REDACTED] Data related to Echiniscoides sigismundi at Wikispecies

• Animals described in 1865
• Echiniscoididae