An ectopic hormone is a hormone produced by tumors derived from tissue that is not typically associated with its production.
On the other hand, the term entopic is used to refer to hormones produced by tissue in tumors that are normally engaged in the production of that hormone.
The excess hormone secretion is considered detrimental to the normal body homeostasis. This hormone production typically results in a set of signs and symptoms that are called a paraneoplastic syndrome.
Some clinical syndromes caused by ectopic hormone production include:
Syndrome | Main causal cancers | Ectopic hormone | |
---|---|---|---|
Cushing syndrome | Ectopic ACTH and ACTH-like substance | ||
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone | Ectopic Antidiuretic hormone | ||
Hypercalcemia |
|
Ectopic PTHrP (Parathyroid hormone-related protein), TGF-α, TNF, IL-1 | |
Hypoglycemia | Ectopic Insulin-like growth factor 2 | ||
Hyperaldosteronism |
|
Ectopic Aldosterone |
References
- ^ "Endocrine Paraneoplastic Syndromes ("Ectopic" Hormone Production)". Retrieved 28 February 2022.
- ^ Ectopic Hormone Syndromes. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-960823-2. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
- "Ectopic hormones". Retrieved 28 February 2022.
- ^ Table 6-5 in: Mitchell, Richard Sheppard; Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson (2007). Robbins Basic Pathology. Philadelphia: Saunders. ISBN 978-1-4160-2973-1. 8th edition.
- ^ Goldner W (2016). "Cancer-Related Hypercalcemia". J Oncol Pract. 12 (5): 426–32. doi:10.1200/JOP.2016.011155. PMID 27170690.
- Mulatero P, Rabbia F, Veglio F (May 2001). "Paraneoplastic hyperaldosteronism associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma". New England Journal of Medicine. 344 (20): 1558–9. doi:10.1056/NEJM200105173442017. PMID 11368052.