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List of freshwater aquarium plant species

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Bolbitis heudelotii, one of hundreds of aquatic plants found in the hobby

Aquatic plants are used to give the freshwater aquarium a natural appearance, oxygenate the water, absorb ammonia, and provide habitat for fish, especially fry (babies) and for invertebrates. Some aquarium fish and invertebrates also eat live plants. Hobbyists use aquatic plants for aquascaping, of several aesthetic styles.

Most of these plant species are found either partially or fully submerged in their natural habitat. Although there are a handful of obligate aquatic plants that must be grown entirely underwater, most can grow fully emersed if the soil is moist. Though some are just living at the water margins, still, they can live in the completely submerged habitat.

By scientific name

The taxonomy of most plant genera is not final. Scientific names listed here may, therefore, contradict other sources. Many of these species are dangerous invasives and should be disposed of in a way that guarantees that they will not enter local waters.

Common aquarium plant species:

Algae

Main article: Freshwater aquarium algae

Most algae in hobby aquaria are unwanted, nuisance plants. Few algae, such as marimo (Aegagropila linnaei), are sought after and intentionally cultivated in freshwater aquaria.

False aquatics or pseudo-aquarium plants

Several species of terrestrial plants are frequently sold as "aquarium plants". While such plants are beautiful and can survive and even flourish for months under water, they will eventually die and must be removed so their decay does not contaminate the aquarium water. These plants have no necessary biology to live underwater.

Images

Photos

  • Acorus calamus Acorus calamus
  • Anubias barteri var. glabra Anubias barteri var. glabra
  • Aponogeton distachyos Aponogeton distachyos
  • Bacopa monnieri Bacopa monnieri
  • Damasonium californicum Damasonium californicum
  • Echinodorus cordifolius Echinodorus cordifolius
  • Elodea canadensis Elodea canadensis
  • Eriocaulon decangulare Eriocaulon decangulare
  • Elodea densa Elodea densa
  • Nymphaea lotus Nymphaea lotus
  • Nymphoides peltata Nymphoides peltata
  • Ranunculus aquatilis Ranunculus aquatilis
  • Sagittaria sagittifolia Sagittaria sagittifolia
  • Sagittaria latifolia Sagittaria latifolia
  • Trapa natans Trapa natans
  • Utricularia vulgaris (common bladderwort) Utricularia vulgaris (common bladderwort)
  • Vallisneria americana Vallisneria americana

Illustration

  • Eleocharis dulcis Eleocharis dulcis
  • Hippuris vulgaris Hippuris vulgaris
  • Hottonia palustris Hottonia palustris
  • Isoetes lacustris Isoetes lacustris

References

  1. Li, Fay-Wei; Benito C. Tan; Volker Buchbender; Robbin C. Moran; Germinal Rouhan; Chun-Neng Wang; Dietmar Quandt (2009). "Identifying a mysterious aquatic fern gametophyte" (PDF). Plant Systematics and Evolution. 281 (1–4): 77–86. Bibcode:2009PSyEv.281...77L. doi:10.1007/s00606-009-0188-2. ISSN 0378-2697. S2CID 14599652.
  2. "Staurogyne — The Plant List".

See also

Aquariums and fishkeeping
Aquarium types
Aquarium décor
and equipment
Fish terms / types
Fish food
Other concepts
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