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Given-When-Then

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A semi-structured way to write down test cases used for testing in software development

Given-When-Then (GWT) is a semi-structured way to write down test cases. They can either be tested manually or automated as browser tests with tools like Selenium and Cucumber.

It derives its name from the three clauses used, which start with the words given, when and then. Given describes the preconditions and initial state before the start of a test and allows for any pre-test setup that may occur. When describes actions taken by a user during a test. Then describes the outcome resulting from actions taken in the when clause.

The Given-When-Then was proposed by Dan North in 2006, as part of behavior-driven development.

See also

References

  1. Percival, Harry (11 June 2014). Test-Driven Development with Python: Obey the Testing Goat: Using Django, Selenium, and JavaScript. "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". ISBN 978-1-4493-6517-2.
  2. Pugh, Ken (22 December 2010). Lean-Agile Acceptance Test-Driven Development: Better Software Through Collaboration. Pearson Education. ISBN 978-0-321-71944-7.
  3. Fowler, Perryn (24 November 2009). "Perryn Fowler's Weblog". Archived from the original on 14 August 2014. Retrieved 14 August 2014.
  4. Gorman, Mary; Ellen Gottesdiener (9 December 2012). "Using "Given-When-Then" to Discover and Validate Requirements". Retrieved 14 August 2014.
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