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Magang Constitution

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Enterprise management system originating in USSR
Magang Constitution
Chinese马钢宪法
Implied meaningenterprise management system originating in the Soviet Union

The Magang Constitution (simplified Chinese: 马钢宪法; traditional Chinese: 馬鋼憲法; pinyin: Mǎ gāng xiànfǎ), also known as the Ma'anshan Constitution or Ma-steel Constitution, was a set of enterprise management system that was gradually formed in the Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s after decades of socialist industrial construction and development and adopted in China. Nowadays, it has been abandoned.

It is a complete set of rules and regulations for factory management, even rising to the height of the law. Like the Angang Constitution developed in response to it in China, the Magang Constitution is not a constitution in the true sense of the term.

Development and influence

The Magang Constitution was a complete set of factory management practices implemented by the socialist enterprises represented by Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works, the largest steel complex in the Soviet Union. It was based on "experts governing the factories", meaning the affirmation of experts and authority. This set of corporate management system was born in the Stalin-era. The name "Magang Constitution" comes not from the Soviets, but by the Chinese. The Magang Constitution was implemented at various factories in China, including at the Anshan Iron and Steel Works.

The Angang Constitution developed in opposition to its principles, and was promoted by Mao Zedong. During the 1980s in China, the model of the Magang Constitution reappeared in the reform literature.

Main content

Magang Constitution was actually developed from the Taylor System and the Ford System. The main content of the Magang Constitution included the implementation of the "one director system" (一长制), "material stimulation" (物质刺激), "experts governing the factories" (专家治厂), and "placing technology in command" (技术挂帅). Under the model of the Magang Constitution, experts controlled production and the factory director exercised strict control.

See also

References

  1. "March 22, 1960, "Angang Constitution"". State Council Information Office. 2011-03-22.
  2. ^ Qin Hui (9 Dec 2014). "Command vs. Planned Economy: "Dispensability" of the Economic Systems of Central and Eastern Europe and of Prereform China". The Chinese Economy. 38 (4): 23–60. doi:10.1080/10971475.2005.11033528. S2CID 153378858.
  3. "An Analysis of the Ma-steel Constitution". CNKI. 2015-05-02. Archived from the original on 2021-01-15.
  4. Hao Guisheng (2020-03-09). ""Angang Constitution" and its historical and practical significance". Utopia.
  5. Cai Xiang (2010). Revolution/Narrative: Chinese Socialist Literature - Cultural Imagination (1949-1966). Peking University Press. pp. 306–. ISBN 978-7-301-17586-6.
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  7. Fan Jinggang (2020-03-20). "Talking about the experience of learning "Angang Constitution" in the context of anti-epidemic war". Utopia.
  8. "The historical truth of "Angang Constitution"". Sina. 2005-07-22.
  9. Fan Jinggang (2020-03-20). ""Angang Constitution" and its historical and practical significance". Utopia.
  10. Cai, Xiang; 蔡翔 (2016). Revolution and its narratives : China's socialist literary and cultural imaginaries (1949-1966). Rebecca E. Karl, Xueping Zhong, 钟雪萍. Durham: Duke University Press. p. 340. ISBN 978-0-8223-7461-9. OCLC 932368688.
  11. Cai, Xiang; 蔡翔 (2016). Revolution and its narratives : China's socialist literary and cultural imaginaries (1949-1966). Rebecca E. Karl, Xueping Zhong, 钟雪萍. Durham: Duke University Press. pp. 341–343. ISBN 978-0-8223-7461-9. OCLC 932368688.
  12. Cai, Xiang; 蔡翔 (2016). Revolution and its narratives : China's socialist literary and cultural imaginaries (1949-1966). Rebecca E. Karl, Xueping Zhong, 钟雪萍. Durham: Duke University Press. p. 343. ISBN 978-0-8223-7461-9. OCLC 932368688.
  13. Liu Jianli (6 December 2017). Human-centered management in state-owned enterprises. Flying Times Press. pp. 187–.
  14. Xiang Cai (4 February 2016). Revolution and Its Narratives: China's Socialist Literary and Cultural Imaginaries, 1949-1966. Duke University Press. pp. 312–. ISBN 978-0-8223-7461-9.
  15. Wanchun Hu (1989). Thinking and Creating Function: Corporate Decision Making and Strategy. Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House. pp. 18–. ISBN 978-7-5321-0422-2.
  16. Cai, Xiang; 蔡翔 (2016). Revolution and its narratives : China's socialist literary and cultural imaginaries (1949-1966). Rebecca E. Karl, Xueping Zhong, 钟雪萍. Durham: Duke University Press. p. 342. ISBN 978-0-8223-7461-9. OCLC 932368688.
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