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Orión was the designation of a sounding rocket family of Argentina, which was launched between 1965 and 1971 at CELPA (El Chamical), CELPA (Mar Chiquita), Tartagal and Wallops Island.

Developed by the Instituto de Investigaciones Aeronauticas y Espaciales (IIAE), Orión marked Argentina's entry into the club of space-faring nations, with a flight on August 13, 1966 that reached an apogee of 114 km surpassing the Kármán line.

Orión-1

Orión-1

Function	Sounding rocket
Manufacturer	Instituto de Investigaciones Aeronáuticas y Espaciales (IIAE)
Country of origin	Argentina
Size
Height	3 m (9.8 ft)
Diameter	0.21 m (8.3 in)
Mass	100 kg (220 lb)
Stages	1
Capacity
Launch history
Launch sites	CELPA Chamical
Total launches	2
Success(es)	2
First flight	October 1, 1965
Last flight	July 1, 1966
First stage - Orión
Burn time	12 seconds
Propellant	solid
Fuel & Oxidizer mass/volume	55 kg (121 lb)
[edit on Wikidata]

The first version Orión-1 was flown twice in 1965 and 1966 from CELPA (El Chamical), in order to test the engines and technologies.

It had a length of 3.00 m (9.84 ft), a diameter of 21 cm (8.3 in) and a weight of 100-kilogram (220 lb). Apogee was 80 km (50 mi) for a 10-kilogram (22 lb) payload. Solid fuel mass was 55-kilogram (121 lb) with a burn time of 12 seconds.

• Orión-1 diagram
• Orión-1 diagram
• Orión-1 photo
• Orión-1 at the National Aeronautics Museum of Argentina

Orión-2

Orión-2

Function	Sounding rocket
Manufacturer	Instituto de Investigaciones Aeronáuticas y Espaciales (IIAE)
Country of origin	Argentina
Size
Height	3.77 m (12.4 ft)
Diameter	0.21 m (8.3 in)
Mass	100 kg (220 lb)
Stages	1
Capacity
Launch history
Launch sites	Wallops Island, CELPA (El Chamical), CELPA (Mar Chiquita),Tartagal
Total launches	22
First flight	May 19, 1966
Last flight	December 19, 1971
First stage - Orión
Burn time	12 seconds
Propellant	solid
Fuel & Oxidizer mass/volume	55 kg (121 lb)
[edit on Wikidata]

In November 1966, three tests of the updated Orión-2 took place from Wallops Island.

This version had a gross takeoff mass of 100 kg (220 lb) and could carry a 25-kilogram (55 lb) payload to an apogee of 160 km (99 mi). Its dimensions were 3.77 m (12.4 ft) in length and 21 cm (8.3 in) in diameter.

Orión-2 was launched 22 times from 1966 to 1971. Besides Wallops, launch sites included CELPA (El Chamical), CELPA (Mar Chiquita) and Tartagal.

• Orión-2 diagram
• Orión-2 O-10 on the launch ramp
• Orión-2 launch from Chamical (August 13, 1966)
• Payload recovered from Orión-2 at Wallops Island (November 1966)
• Orión-2 rockets prepared for solar eclipse observations (November 10, 1966)
• Launch preparations for Orión-2 O-14 (1967)

Launches

Table of Orión launches:

References

1. ^ Corliss, William R. (1971). NASA SOUNDING ROCKETS, 1958-1968 A Historical Summary (NASA SP-4401) (PDF). NASA. p. 68.
2. ^ Krebs, Gunter. "Orión-1 /-2". Gunter's space page. Retrieved 29 May 2016.
3. Argentina. Secretaría de Difusión y Turismo. 1970.
4. ^ "IIAE.Orion". Encyclopedia Astronautica. 2022-05-22. Retrieved 2025-01-22.
5. ^ "Orion-1". Encyclopedia Astronautica. 2022-05-22. Retrieved 2025-01-22.
6. "Orion-1 engine". Encyclopedia Astronautica. 2016-12-28. Archived from the original on 2016-12-28. Retrieved 2024-04-19.
7. ^ "Orion-2". Encyclopedia Astronautica. 2022-05-22. Retrieved 2025-01-22.

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