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PKS 1424-418

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Blazar in the constellation Centaurus
PKS 1424-418
The blazar PKS 1424-418
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
ConstellationCentaurus
Right ascension14 27 56.297
Declination−42° 06′ 19.438″
Redshift1.522000
Heliocentric radial velocity456,824 km/s
Distance9.439 Gly
Apparent magnitude (V)17.7
Apparent magnitude (B)18.48
Characteristics
TypeBlazar; HPQ, FRSQ
Other designations
LEDA 2827996, PMN J1427-4206, 4FGL J1427.9-4206, WMAP 191, G4Jy 1168

PKS 1424-418 is a blazar located in the constellation of Centaurus. It has a redshift of 1.522 and was first discovered in 1971 by astronomer Keith Peter Tritton who identified the object as ultraviolet-excessive. This object is also highly polarized with a compact radio source. The radio spectrum of this source appears flat, making it a flat-spectrum radio quasar.

PKS 1424-418 is found optically variable on the electromagnetic spectrum. It is a strong source of gamma rays. Between 2008 and 2011, PKS 1424-418 showed four phases of bright flares at GeV energies. The flares have a high correlation between the energy ranges with the exception of one flare that occurred at the same time it showed low gamma activity. In April 2013, it underwent a major gamma ray outburst with its peak flux reaching values of F(> 100 MeV) > 3 x 10 ph cm s. According to Large Area Telescope observations, this emission originated beyond its broad-line region. A near-infrared flare was witnessed in PKS 1424–418 in January 2018. In August 2022, it once again displayed an episode of rapid flaring activity in both gamma ray and optical bands.

PKS 1424-418 contains a radio structure, comprising a strong radio core and a weaker component with a position angle of 260°. Further observations also showed the core has a size of 0.4 mas with extended emission at both the core's position and northwest. In addition, the core has a flat spectral index of -0.04. A jet is seen extending west from the core before becoming diffused.

Between May 2009 and September 2019, the gamma ray emission from PKS 1424-418 was found to undergo a quasi-periodic oscillation with a 353-day flux oscillation period. A 355-day period with high significance level is also confirmed by adopting time domain methods. This might be explained by orbital motion of a binary supermassive black hole system with the mass of a primary black hole being M ~ 3.5 x 10 - 5.5 x 10 Mʘ.

References

  1. Abhir, J.; Joseph, J.; Patel, S. R.; Bose, D. (2021-02-01). "Multi-frequency temporal and spectral variability study of blazar PKS 1424-418". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 501 (2): 2504–2511. arXiv:2009.08220. Bibcode:2021MNRAS.501.2504A. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa3639. ISSN 0035-8711.
  2. Yang, Jianping; Cao, Gang; Zhou, Bing; Qin, Longhua (2021-01-26). "Quasi-periodic Oscillation of Blazar PKS 1424–418 in γ-Ray Band". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 133 (1020): 024101. Bibcode:2021PASP..133b4101Y. doi:10.1088/1538-3873/abd152. ISSN 0004-6280.
  3. White, Graeme L.; Jauncey, David L.; Wright, Alan E.; Batty, Michael J.; Savage, Ann; Peterson, Bruce A.; Gulkis, Sam (April 1988). "Redshifts of southern radio sources. VII". The Astrophysical Journal. 327: 561. Bibcode:1988ApJ...327..561W. doi:10.1086/166216. ISSN 0004-637X.
  4. Tritton, K. P. (1971-12-01). "Spectroscopy and Photography of Southern Hemisphere Quasar Identifications". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 155 (1): 1P – 2P. doi:10.1093/mnras/155.1.1p. ISSN 0035-8711.
  5. ^ Shen, Z.Q.; Wan, T.S.; Moran, J.M.; Jauncey, D.L.; Reynolds, J.E.; Tzioumis, A.K.; Gough, R.G.; Ferris, R.H.; Sinclair, M.W.; Jiang, D.R.; Hong, X.Y.; Liang, S.G. (April 1998). "A 5 GHz Southern Hemisphere VLBI Survey of Compact Radio Sources. II". The Astronomical Journal. 115 (4): 1357–1370. arXiv:astro-ph/9803104. Bibcode:1998AJ....115.1357S. doi:10.1086/300284.
  6. Ciprini, Stefano; Cutini, Sara (2013-01-01). "Swift detection of increased X-ray activity from gamma-ray flaring blazar PKS 1424-41". The Astronomer's Telegram. 4770: 1. Bibcode:2013ATel.4770....1C.
  7. Shun, Zhang; Tingfeng, Yi; Zhiyuan, Pu; Na, Wang; Zhihui, Chen; Junping, Chen; Li, Ma (2023-07-15). "Study on Optical Variability of Blazar PKS 1424-41 in Multiband". Astronomical Techniques and Instruments. 20 (4): 275–282. doi:10.14005/j.cnki.issn1672-7673.20230428.003. ISSN 2097-3675.
  8. Verrecchia, F.; Pittori, C.; Piano, G.; Tavani, M.; Panebianco, G.; Bulgarelli, A.; Fioretti, V.; Parmiggiani, N.; Addis, A.; Baroncelli, L.; Di Piano, A.; Lucarelli, F.; Vercellone, S.; Cardillo, M.; Ursi, A. (2022-12-01). "AGILE detection of increasing gamma-ray activity of blazar PKS 1424-418". The Astronomer's Telegram. 15818: 1. Bibcode:2022ATel15818....1V.
  9. D'Ammando, F.; Orienti, M.; Longo, F.; Jankowsky, F.; Schwemmer, S.; Wagn, S. (2013-01-01). "Detection of a strong optical and gamma-ray flare from blazar PKS 1424-41". The Astronomer's Telegram. 4714: 1. Bibcode:2013ATel.4714....1D.
  10. Buson, S.; Longo, F.; Larsson, S.; Cutini, S.; Finke, J.; Ciprini, S.; Ojha, R.; D’Ammando, F.; Donato, D.; Thompson, D. J.; Desiante, R.; Bastieri, D.; Wagner, S.; Hauser, M.; Fuhrmann, L. (2014-09-01). "Unusual flaring activity in the blazar PKS 1424−418 during 2008−2011". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 569: A40. arXiv:1407.0299. Bibcode:2014A&A...569A..40B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201423367. ISSN 0004-6361.
  11. Tavecchio, F.; Pacciani, L.; Donnarumma, I.; Stamerra, A.; Isler, J.; MacPherson, E.; Urry, C. M. (2013-07-22). "The far emission region of the γ-ray blazar PKS B1424–418". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. 435 (1): L24 – L28. arXiv:1306.0734. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slt087. ISSN 1745-3933.
  12. Nesci, R.; Ojha, R.; Kadler, M. (2018-01-01). "Exceptional NIR flare in gamma-ray loud FSRQ PKS B1424-418". The Astronomer's Telegram. 11235: 1. Bibcode:2018ATel11235....1N.
  13. Kadler, Matthias; Stevens, Jamie; Ojha, Roopesh; Edwards, Philip G.; Roesch, Florian (2022-08-01). "ATCA finds a long-term radio outburst of PKS1424-418 coincident with optical/gamma-ray flaring activity". The Astronomer's Telegram. 15536: 1. Bibcode:2022ATel15536....1K.
  14. Dodson, R.; Fomalont, E. B.; Wiik, K.; Horiuchi, S.; Hirabayashi, H.; Edwards, P. G.; Murata, Y.; Asaki, Y.; Moellenbrock, G. A.; Scott, W. K.; Taylor, A. R.; Gurvits, L. I.; Paragi, Z.; Frey, S.; Shen, Z.-Q. (April 2008). "The VSOP 5 GHz Active Galactic Nucleus Survey. V. Imaging Results for the Remaining 140 Sources". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 175 (2): 314–355. arXiv:0710.5707. Bibcode:2008ApJS..175..314D. doi:10.1086/525025. ISSN 0067-0049.
  15. Marshall, H. L.; Schwartz, D. A.; Lovell, J. E. J.; Murphy, D. W.; Worrall, D. M.; Birkinshaw, M.; Gelbord, J. M.; Perlman, E. S.; Jauncey, D. L. (January 2005). "A Chandra Survey of Quasar Jets: First Results". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 156 (1): 13–33. arXiv:astro-ph/0409566. Bibcode:2005ApJS..156...13M. doi:10.1086/425578. ISSN 0067-0049.
  16. Bhatta, Gopal; Dhital, Niraj (March 2020). "The Nature of γ-Ray Variability in Blazars". The Astrophysical Journal. 891 (2): 120. arXiv:1911.08198. Bibcode:2020ApJ...891..120B. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab7455. ISSN 0004-637X.
  17. Bhatta, Gopal; Dhital, Niraj (March 2020). "The Nature of γ-Ray Variability in Blazars". The Astronomical Journal. 891 (2): 120. arXiv:1911.08198. Bibcode:2020ApJ...891..120B. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab7455.
  18. Chen, Junping; Yu, Jinjie; Huang, Weitian; Ding, Nan (2024-02-08). "Transient quasi-periodic oscillations in the gamma-ray light curves of bright blazars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 528 (4): 6807–6822. arXiv:2401.10658. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae416. ISSN 0035-8711.
  19. Yang, Jianping; Cao, Gang; Zhou, Bing; Qin, Longhua (2021-01-26). "Quasi-periodic Oscillation of Blazar PKS 1424–418 in γ-Ray Band". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 133 (1020): 024101. Bibcode:2021PASP..133b4101Y. doi:10.1088/1538-3873/abd152. ISSN 0004-6280.

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