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Natural Bridge State Park (Wisconsin)

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(Redirected from Raddatz Rockshelter) State park in Sauk County, Wisconsin

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Natural Bridge State Park
IUCN category V (protected landscape/seascape)
Wisconsin's largest natural arch and a prehistoric rock shelter
Map showing the location of Natural Bridge State ParkMap showing the location of Natural Bridge State ParkLocation of Natural Bridge State Park in WisconsinShow map of WisconsinMap showing the location of Natural Bridge State ParkMap showing the location of Natural Bridge State ParkNatural Bridge State Park (Wisconsin) (the United States)Show map of the United States
LocationSauk, Wisconsin, United States
Coordinates43°20′39″N 89°55′47″W / 43.34417°N 89.92972°W / 43.34417; -89.92972
Area530 acres (210 ha)
Established1972
Governing bodyWisconsin Department of Natural Resources
Raddatz Rockshelter
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
Natural Bridge State Park (Wisconsin) is located in WisconsinNatural Bridge State Park (Wisconsin)Show map of WisconsinNatural Bridge State Park (Wisconsin) is located in the United StatesNatural Bridge State Park (Wisconsin)Show map of the United States
LocationAddress restricted
NRHP reference No.78000139
Added to NRHPDecember 18, 1978

Natural Bridge State Park is a 530-acre (214 ha) state park of Wisconsin, United States, featuring Wisconsin's largest natural arch. Directly beneath the arch is the Raddatz Rockshelter, a rock shelter once used by Paleo-Indians and now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The park is located southwest of Baraboo between the unincorporated communities of Leland and Denzer, in the town of Honey Creek.

Natural history

The park is on the edge of the Baraboo Range in an unglaciated Driftless Area of south-central Wisconsin. Outcrops of quartzite, hardened sand deposited about 1.6 billion years ago jut out of the tops of these hills.

The arch and rock shelter have been weathered out of one such outcropping. The top of the arch is 35 feet (11 m) above the ground. The arch opening is 25 feet (7.6 m) wide and 15 feet (4.6 m) high. The rock shelter is 60 feet (18 m) wide and 30 feet (9.1 m) deep.

The park's hills are forested with oak and other hardwoods. Some ridge tops bear small prairie remnants with grasses and cactus. Around the outcrop walls grow ferns such as the walking fern (Asplenium rhizophyllum), slender lip fern (Cheilanthes feei) and the rare purple cliffbrake (Pellaea atropurpurea). The shade of the rock faces also supports Solidago sciaphila, a rare goldenrod.

Cultural history

An archaeological excavation of the rock shelter was conducted in 1957 by Warren L. Wittry of the Wisconsin Historical Society. His team found evidence of human use over a long time period. The remains of 50 vertebrate and 15 mollusc species were identified. The oldest artifacts were pieces of charred wood, presumably from fire pits, which were dated to between 9000 and 8000 BCE. This would make it the oldest documented site of human occupation in the upper Midwest. There were also artifacts such as antler-scrapers dating back to six to seven thousand years ago. Evidence indicates that the shelter was used only periodically at first, perhaps as a hunting or seasonal camp. Later it was inhabited year-round.

The natural bridge has been a tourist attraction for modern visitors since 1870. The state park was established in 1972, and the following year 60 acres (24 ha) centered on the arch were given a further level of protection as Natural Bridge and Rockshelter State Natural Area. In 1978 the Raddatz Rockshelter was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Recreation

Natural Bridge State Park is open year-round but unstaffed. Visitors needing a parking pass for their vehicle must purchase one from a self-registration stand. Amenities at the park are limited to picnic tables and restrooms. There is no overnight camping.

There are two trails in the park, totalling about 3.5 miles (5.6 km). The arch and rock shelter are short distance up the Indian Moccasin Nature Trail, which then loops further through the wooded hills. Signs along the trail interpret the medicinal uses of many native plants. The longer Whitetail Hiking Trail leads across the highway to the less-used southern half of the park.

The southern portion of the park is open for hunting during parts of autumn.

  • Natural Bridge time lapse - stars Jan 19, 2012, VP8
  • Natural Bridge State Park, pan VP8

References

  1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  2. "Raddatz Rockshelter and Natural Bridge". Wisconsin Historical Images. Wisconsin Historical Society. December 2003. Retrieved July 14, 2012.
  • Hasheider, Philip (May 8, 2005). "Treasures close to home; unspoiled beauty is a hallmark of areas at the western edge of the Baraboo Range, in Sauk County". Wisconsin State Journal. Madison, Wis. p. H1.
  • Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Park signage and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources website.

External links

Protected areas of Wisconsin
Federal
National Park Service
National Forests
National Wildlife Refuges
National Trails
National Estuarine Research Reserves
National Marine Sanctuaries
National Wild and Scenic Rivers
National Wilderness Preservation System
State
State Parks
State Natural Areas
State Recreation Areas
State Forests
State Historical Sites
State Wildlife Areas
National Register of Historic Places in Sauk County, Wisconsin
Historic districts Sauk County map
Baraboo
Lake Delton
North Freedom
Leland
Reedsburg
Rock Springs
Sauk City
Spring Green
See also: National Register of Historic Places listings in Sauk County, Wisconsin and List of National Historic Landmarks in Wisconsin
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