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Saint Jefrem Јефрем
Fresco of Jefrem from the Patriarchal Monastery of Peć
Serbian Patriarch
Venerated in	Eastern Orthodox Church
Church	Serbian Patriarchate of Peć
See	Patriarchal Monastery of Peć
Installed	1375; 1389
Term ended	1379; 1390
Predecessor	Sava IV; Spiridon
Successor	Spiridon; Danilo III (patriarch)
Personal details
Born	c. 1312 Balkans
Died	1400 Serbia
Buried	Patriarchal Monastery of Peć
Denomination	Eastern Orthodoxy
Residence	Patriarchal Monastery of Peć
Sainthood
Feast day	June 15/28
Canonized	1407 by Patriarch Sava V

Jefrem (Serbian Cyrillic: Јефрем; Ephraem; c. 1312 – died 1400), also known as Elder Jefrem (старац Јефрем) and Jefrem of Serbia, was the Patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church twice, in 1375–1379 and 1389–1392, and also a renowned poet.

Biography

Born into a priestly family, of Bulgarian origin, he became a monk around 1335 at the age of 23. He moved to Mount Athos, where he stayed at Hilandar, then Zograf, and later lived as a hesychastic ascetic in the mountains of Athos. In around 1347, he left Athos on a river island of the Maritsa near Plovdiv where he became a hegumen. He then moved to Serbia, and stayed in the Patriarchal Monastery of Peć. He lived in a cave-church near Visoki Dečani, and Patriarch Sava IV built an ascetic cell for him in Ždrelo near the Patriarchal Monastery of Peć. When unrest broke out in the state and Church, the Synod chose Jefrem to succeed as patriarch on 3 October 3, 1375. To protect the Church from interference from feudal lords, he renounced his throne and turned it over to Spiridon, becoming an ascetic. Following the death of Spiridon in 1389, Jefrem again took office. However, he once again renounced the throne in 1392, and then retired to Ždrelo. He died in the evening of 14 June 1400, and was buried the next day at the Patriarchal Monastery of Peć. According to the hagiography of Jefrem, Sava V was present at the burial. Jefrem left a large original poetry work, preserved in a 14th-century manuscript from Hilandar.

In 1406 or 1407 ("seven summers after ascendance") he was proclaimed a saint by Sava V after showing signs of sainthood. Bishop Marko wrote the Service to St. Jefrem and Life of St. Jefrem. His feast day is celebrated on June 15/28, together with St. Lazar and St. Spyridon.

Annotations

Historiography treat him as being of Bulgarian origin. Another source claim that he was from Thessaly.

See also

• List of Serbian saints

References

1. Leontije Pavlović (1965). Kultovi lica kod Srba i Makedonaca: Istorijsko-etnografska rasprava. Narodni Muzej. <--ЈЕФРЕМ, ПАТРИЈАРХ (умро 1400. г.) У житију се назива „свети отац наш Јефрем патријарх",1) а у служби „преподобии и богоносни Јефрем патријарх српски".2)-->
2. ^ Gavrilović 1981, p. 14.
3. ^ Popović & Skerlić 1941, p. 206.
4. Историјски часопис 33 (1986): Historical Review 33 (1986). Istorijski institut. 1 August 1987. pp. 21–. GGKEY:580S3RBJUZP.
5. ^ Dimitrije Bogdanović; Milorad Pavić (1991). Stara srpska književnost. Dosije. p. 162.
6. Pajsije Svetogorac (2005). Sveta Gora i Svetogorci. Manastir Svetog prvomučenika i arhiđakona Stefana.

Sources

Books

• Purković, Miodrag (1976). Srpski patrijarsi Srednjega veka. Srpska pravoslavna eparhija zapadnoevropska.
• Gavrilović, Slavko (1981). Istorija srpskog naroda. Vol. 2. Srpska književna zadruga.

Journals

• Vizantološki institut (2006). Recueil de travaux de l'Institut des études byzantines. Vol. 43. Vizantološki institut, SANU. pp. 116–120.
• Popović, Bogdan; Skerlić, Jovan (1941). Srpski književni glasnik. Vol. 62.

v t e Saints of the Serbian Orthodox Church
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v t e Primates of the Serbian Orthodox Church
List of heads of the Serbian Orthodox Church Archbishops 1219–1346 Sava (St.) Arsenije Sremac (St.) Sava II (St.) Danilo I (St.) Joanikije I (St.) Jevstatije I (St.) Jakov (St.) Jevstatije II (St.) Sava III (St.) Nikodim I (St.) Danilo II (St.) Joanikije II (St.)
Patriarchs (1346–1766) 1346–1463 Joanikije II (St.) Sava IV Jefrem (St.) Spiridon (St.) Danilo III Sava V Danilo IV Kirilo I (St.) Nikon I (St.) Teofan I Nikodim II Arsenije II 1557–1766 Makarije I (St.) Antonije I Gerasim I Savatije I Nikanor I Jerotej I Filip I Jovan II Pajsije I Gavrilo I (St.) Maksim I Arsenije III Kalinik I Atanasije I Mojsije I Arsenije IV Joanikije III Atanasije II Gavrilo II Gavrilo III Vikentije I Pajsije II Gavrilo IV Kirilo II Vasilije Kalinik II
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v t e Serbian literature
Related articles	Serbian language Shtokavian History of Serbia History of Kosovo History of Vojvodina History of Republika Srpska Medieval Serbian literature Miroslav Gospel Charter of Ban Kulin Srbulja Republic of Ragusa Serbian Chancellery in Dubrovnik Serb-Catholic movement in Dubrovnik Serbian poetry Serbian epic poetry Slavic studies Romanticism Realism Serbian Literary Guild Association of Writers of Serbia Adligat Belgrade Book Fair
Medieval literature	Stefan the First-Crowned Saint Sava Domentijan Teodosije the Hilandarian Jakov of Serres Patriarch Jefrem Danilo II Stanislav of Lesnovo Princess Milica Jefimija Jelena Balšić Stefan Lazarević Konstantin Mihailović Segon Kantakouzenos Pachomius the Serb Dimitar of Kratovo Vladislav the Grammarian Hieromonk Makarije
Pre-19th century	de Boliris Pajsije of Janjevo Zmajević Arsenije III Branković Stefanović Venclović Kozačinski Vasilije Petrović Žefarović Rajić Orfelin Julinac Piščević Obradović Petar I Petrović-Njegoš Vićentije Rakić Zannowich Zelić Vezlić Miletić Janković Vujić Stojković Solarić
19th century	Došenović Mušicki Nenadović Vidaković Karadžić Milutinović Sarajlija Sterija Popović Popović Šapčanin Marković Koder Petar II Petrović-Njegoš Subotić Ignjatović Ljubiša Radičević J. Ilić Stojadnović-Srpkinja Nenadović Novaković Jakšić Milićević Miljanov Jovanović Zmaj Komarčić Kostić Trifković Glišić Lazarević Matavulj Sremac Vojnović V. Ilić D. Ilić Veselinović Šantić Ćipiko Domanović Ćorović Stanković
20th century	Nušić Slobodan Jovanović Dučić Milan Rakić Sekulić Kočić Skerlić Petković Dis Pandurović Uskoković Vasić Jakovljević Vinaver Bojić Andrić Crnjanski Nastasijević Kašanin Micić Rastko Petrović Maksimović Drainac Vasiljev Desnica Davičo Selimović Vitez Danojlić Đilas Đurić Lalić Ćopić Dobrica Ćosić Popa Mihajlović Mihiz Isaković Medaković Olujić Radović Tišma Alečković Konstatinović Raičković Miodrag Pavlović Pavić Aleksandar Popović Pekić Bulatović Ivan V. Lalić Ćirilov Antić Bora Ćosić Velmar-Janković Crnčević Živojin Pavlović Selenić Trifunović Miljković Kiš Erić Kapor Blažo Šćepanović Branimir Šćepanović Milišić Nogo Josić Višnjić Tadić Vitezović Dragoslav Mihailović Albahari Goran Petrović
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• Patriarchs of the Serbian Orthodox Church
• 14th-century Serbian people
• 14th-century Bulgarian people
• 1322 births
• 1400 deaths
• 14th-century Eastern Orthodox bishops
• Serbian monks
• Serbian people of Bulgarian descent
• Burials at the Patriarchate of Peć (monastery)
• Serbian saints of the Eastern Orthodox Church
• Hesychasts
• People associated with Mount Athos
• People associated with Hilandar Monastery
• People associated with Zograf Monastery