Turkey in the Council of Europe

Overview of membership and participation

Turkey is a member of the Council of Europe. Membership is obligatory for joining the European Union. As of 2023 Turkey has nearly a third of the cases pending at the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR).

References

Constas, Dimitris C. (1982). "Turkish Affair: A Test Case for the Council of Europe, The". Legal Issues of Economic Integration. 9: 69–87. doi:10.54648/LEIE1982008.
Dzehtsiarou, Kanstantsin; Coffey, Donal K. (2019). "Suspension and Expulsion of Members of the Council of Europe: Difficult Decisions in Troubled Times". International & Comparative Law Quarterly. 68 (2): 443–476. doi:10.1017/S0020589319000101. ISSN 0020-5893.
Soyaltin-Colella, Digdem (September 2021). "(Un)Democratic change and use of social sanctions for domestic politics: Council of Europe monitoring in Turkey". International Political Science Review. 42 (4): 484–500. doi:10.1177/0192512120927120.

v t e Council of Europe
Institutions	Secretary General Committee of Ministers Parliamentary Assembly Congress Court of Human Rights Commissioner for Human Rights Commission for the Efficiency of Justice Commission against Racism and Intolerance Venice Commission Pompidou Group
Members	Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands North Macedonia Norway Poland Portugal Romania San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom
Observers	Canada Holy See Israel Japan Mexico United States EU relations
Former members	Czechoslovakia (1991–1992) Russia (1996–2022) Saar (assoc. 1950–1956) Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006)

Bilateral relations

Africa

Central	Angola Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Democratic Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo Equatorial Guinea Gabon
East	Burundi Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Kenya Madagascar Malawi Mauritius Mozambique Rwanda Seychelles Somalia South Sudan Sudan Tanzania Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe
North	Algeria Egypt Libya Morocco Tunisia
Southern	Namibia South Africa
West	Benin Burkina Faso Cape Verde Côte d'Ivoire The Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Liberia Mali Mauritania Niger Nigeria Senegal Sierra Leone Togo

Americas

Caribbean	Bahamas Cuba Dominican Republic Haiti St. Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago
Central	Costa Rica Guatemala Nicaragua Panama
Northern	Canada Mexico United States
South	Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Paraguay Peru Suriname Uruguay Venezuela

Asia

Central	Afghanistan Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan
East	China Japan Mongolia North Korea South Korea Taiwan
South	Bangladesh India Maldives Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka
Southeast	Brunei Cambodia East Timor Indonesia Laos Myanmar Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam
Western	Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Georgia Abkhazia Iran Iraq Kurdistan Region Israel Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Palestine Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria United Arab Emirates Yemen

Europe

Central	Czech Republic Hungary Poland Slovakia
Eastern	Belarus Bulgaria Moldova Romania Russia Ukraine
Northern	Denmark Estonia Finland Iceland Ireland Latvia Lithuania Norway Sweden United Kingdom
Southern	Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Greece Italy Kosovo Malta Montenegro North Macedonia Northern Cyprus Portugal San Marino Serbia Slovenia Spain Vatican City
Western	Austria Belgium France Germany Luxembourg Netherlands Switzerland

Oceania

Former states

Current	International organizations Arab League European Union Accession negotiations NATO Organization of Turkic States United Nations
Historical	Central Treaty Organization First Balkan Pact Second Balkan Pact

Diplomacy

Peace Agreements and Treaties	Treaty of Ankara Border with Iraq Treaty of Constantinople Border with Bulgaria Greece Treaty of Kars Border with Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia Treaty of Lausanne Border with Syria Treaty of Zuhab Border with Iran Montreux Convention Turkish Straits ECHR European Court of Human Rights
International infrastructure	Oil Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline Kirkuk–Ceyhan pipeline Water Northern Cyprus pipeline Natural gas Blue Stream Tabriz–Ankara pipeline Trans-Anatolian pipeline TurkStream Rail transport Greece–Turkey Azerbaijan–Georgia–Turkey
Missions	Diplomatic missions of Turkey / in Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs Minister Diplomatic corps

Ancient and Middle Ages	Prehistory of Anatolia Classical Anatolia Byzantine Anatolia
Seljuks and Beyliks	Seljuk Empire Battle of Manzikert Sultanate of Rum Anatolian beyliks
Ottoman Empire	Rise Classical Age Conquest of Constantinople Transformation Ottoman Old Regime Tulip era Decline and modernization Tanzimat First Constitutional Era Second Constitutional Era Dissolution Partition
Republic of Türkiye	War of Independence Proclamation of the republic Atatürk's reforms Language reform Secularism One-party period Multi-party period
Overviews	Constitutional Economic Ottoman Military
Topics	Turkic migration Oghuz Turks Turkification Ancient peoples of Anatolia History of Anatolia History of Thrace

Regions (west to east)	Marmara region Aegean region Mediterranean region Black Sea region Central Anatolia region Eastern Anatolia region Southeastern Anatolia region
Topics	Climate Climate change Earthquakes East Anatolian Fault North Anatolian Fault Environmental issues Air pollution Waste management Fauna Flora and vegetation Geology Lakes Mountains National parks Rivers Turkish Riviera Wildlife

Branches	Legislative Executive Cabinet Judicial Constitutional Court Court of Cassation Court of Jurisdictional Disputes Council of State
Politics	Elections Parliamentary elections Presidential elections Electoral system Political parties Referendums
Topics	Administrative divisions Foreign relations Intelligence Services Ministry of the Interior National Police Gendarmerie The constitutional system Turkish Armed Forces Air Force Land Navy

Society

Culture	Anthem Architecture Seljuk Ottoman Art Carpet Cinema Cuisine Ottoman Festivals Flag Folk dance Folklore Illumination Intangible cultural heritage Literature Media TV Newspapers Radio stations Miniature Music Names Painting Pottery Sports Football Theater TV series Video games Wine World heritage sites