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Yuhuangdong Grottoes

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Taoist stone sculptures on Makong Mountain, Hunan Province, China
Yuhuangdong Grottoes
Yuhuangdong Grottoes
LocationZhangjiajie, China
History
BuilderLi Jingkai
Founded1807
CulturesTaoism

Yuhuangdong Grottoes (Chinese: 玉皇洞石窟), or Yuhuang Grottoes, named after the statue of the Jade Emperor carved inside the cave, are Chinese Taoist stone sculptures, located on a cliff at the southern foot of Makong Mountain (麻空山), Fengxianggang Township (枫香岗乡), Yongding District, Zhangjiajie City, Hunan Province.

Distribution

Yuhuangdong Grottoes, 10 kilometers away from the urban area, are distributed on a section of precipice about 300 meters long from east to west and more than 130 meters high.

History

Yuhuangdong Grottoes were excavated by Li Jingkai (李京开), a Qing Dynasty Yongding country gentry (乡绅), and In 1799, these grottoes began to be constructed in 1799 and it took eight years to complete in 1807.

References

  1. People's Republic of China Dictionary, Volume 5. Commercial Press. 1998. ISBN 978-7-100-03254-4.
  2. "Members of Zhangjiajie Yongding Branch of Jiu San Society visited Yuhuangdong Grottoes". Jiusan Society. Oct 26, 2020.
  3. Yi Xiaochun (2003). Hunan. China Light Industry Press. pp. 156–. ISBN 978-7-5019-3938-1.
  4. Ni Hao. Travel Guide of Hunan. DeepLogic. pp. 75–.
  5. Wang, Kai; Gan, Chang; Ou, Yan; Liu, Haolong (4 July 2019). "Low-Carbon Behaviour Performance of Scenic Spotsin a World Heritage Site". Sustainability. 11 (13): 3673. Bibcode:2019Sust...11.3673W. doi:10.3390/su11133673.
  6. China Self-Help Tour (6th ed.). China Light Industry Press. 1 January 2012. pp. 1303–. ISBN 978-7-5019-8528-9.
  7. Mou Zhongjian (1991). Daoism: A Concise Treatise on Taoism. Qilu Publishing House. p. 697. ISBN 978-7-5333-0214-6.
  8. Sanxiang Resort Tour. Hunan Fine Arts Publishing House. 1981. pp. 62–.
  9. Hunan Cultural Heritage Atlas. Yuelu Publishing House. 2008. p. 291. ISBN 978-7-80761-040-3.
  10. "Zhangjiajie actually has a grotto through the Qing Dynasty". Ifeng.com. 2019-11-27.
  11. Wan Li (1 June 2011). Huxiang Cultural Dictionary (8). Hunan People's Publishing House. pp. 112–. ISBN 978-7-999008-97-2.
  12. Jiao Chenggen; Chen Jian (1 September 2010). Huxiang Stone Sculptures. Hunan Fine Arts Publishing House. pp. 313–. ISBN 978-7-5356-3812-0.
  13. Two Thousand Years of Zhangjiajie. Wuzhou Communication Press. 2005. pp. 55–. ISBN 978-7-5085-0618-0.


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